CRIM 402 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Gregor Mendel, Noncoding Dna, Zygote

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Genetic material is carried in chromosomes which are found in the nucleus of every cell in the body: each chromosome has a string of genes. Humans have 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs. Every chromosome consists of strings of genes made of dna (deoxyribonucleic acid) = code for life. * this junk makes us the most different from one another. What is a gene: a gene is a set of instructions that code for a particular protein. The protein then does something in the body i. e. makes something or is involved in a mechanism: when something goes wrong with a gene = protein isn"t produced/produced in lesser quantities/too much. Any error can affect the end product: every gene has an address/locus where its found on the chromosome. Even though the gene is found always in a particular place, there are several versions, and each version is called an allele. So an allele is a gene, but it is more specific.

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