CRIM 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Summary Offence, Parole Board, Common Law Offence
16 Oct 2016
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Craig jones says that (cid:498)all societies have developed mechanisms for the collective enforcement of group norms in service of what might be called a (cid:494)public purpose(cid:499) (owever the (cid:498)public purpose(cid:499) is not always readily apparent. Criminal laws are more often based more on speculation about indirect harm or possible risk than they are on the likelihood of immediate, direct harm. Crimes are violations against formal prescriptions (prohibitions) that are codified in law and that carry a specific penalty or sanction. The penalty may involve imprisonment, or other form of punishment by the state, e. g. , placed on probation or ordered to pay a fine. Crimes are prosecuted by the state b/c they are considered to be harmful to the society at large, and a threat to public order. Deviance involves a violation of social norms or expectations, rather than a violation of a codified (written) law.
