BISC 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Lipid Bilayer, Osmosis, Facilitated Diffusion
8 Aug 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Four main types of macromolecules: carbohydrates (coh group), lipids (soluble in nonpolar, insoluble in water, cooh group), proteins (r group (if c-h then non. C-h bonds are nonpolar (equal in electronegativity, electrons shared equally, and symmetrical) Cell wall: rigid barrier composed of polysaccharides. Chloroplasts: gets energy of sunlight and makes sugars. Vacuoles: water-filled organelles give structural rigidity of plants by maintaining turgor pressure against cell walls. Plasma membrane: layer of molecules that surrounds the cell"s interior and separates it from external environment. Amphipathic: a molecule that has both hydrophobic/hydrophilic components. Hydrophilic: tendency to mix with or dissolve with water. Endoplasmic reticulum: itransport and folds protein, where lipids are made. Cytoskeleton: cell movement and transport, forms spindle during mitosis, maintains cell structure & shape. Mitochondria: energy, make atp, energy to drive cellular processes. Cell membrane: transport in and out , compartmentalization, barrier, cell-cell communication; signal detection. Nucleus/membrane-bound compartments with specific functions (different from prokaryotes)
