BISC 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Hydrolysis, Phosphorylase, Atp Synthase

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Proteins: perform cell functions (because they are diverse in size/shape/chemical properties in amino acids) Catalysis: used to speed up chemical reactions (protein called an enzyme) Defence: destroy viruses and bacteria (called antibodies and other proteins) Movement: motor/contractile proteins for moving the cell itself/inside the cell. Example: actin/myosin slide past one another to flex/extend muscle. Signalling: carrying or receiving cells signals from cell to cell. Example: if blood is low = call protein glucagon will bind to receptor cells in liver that trigger enzymes. Structure: structural protein make body components (ex: fingernails) and keep blood cell flexible. Transport: allow molecules to enter/exit cell and carry specific compounds throughout body (ex. Primary: the linear sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide (stabilized by peptide bonds) Secondary: formation of a-helices(alpha helix) /b-pleated sheets (beta pleated sheet: segments of peptide bend at 180/fold) in polypeptide (stabilized by h-bond between amino acids groups along peptide-bonded backbone)

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