BISC 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Autocrine Signalling, Cortisol, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

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whiteminnow51

8 Aug 2016

School

Simon Fraser University

Department

Biological Sciences

Course

BISC 101

Professor

Megan Barker

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Document Summary

Transduction: conversion of external stimulus to an electrical signal in the form of an ap (efferent) along sensory neurons. Sensory receptors (highly specific) detect stimuli to convert light/sound/touch/odours into electrical signal that change membrane potential (afferent) Changes firing rate of action potential sent to brain. Example: sound receptor cells respond more strongly to louder sounds (more frequency/action potentials) Mechanoreceptors: respond to distortion caused by pressure (sound/vibrations/touch) Receptors are highly specific/each type of sensory neuron sends its signal to a different part of brain. Paired flexor-extensor muscle groups (one contract when needed) Hydrostatic skeleton: use pressure of enclosed body fluids to support body. Circumfied muscles/longitudinal muscles (work to shorten/lengthen body parts) Cartilage: polysaccharides/protein fibers and provides padding for bones (connective tissue) Articulate so limbs can pivot and more. Move in response to force on pairs of skeletal muscles contracting (one contract when needed) (ends are tendons (bands of tough/fibrous connective tissue muscle to bone)

Related Questions

Sensory systems

1.All sensory input arrives at the central nervous system in the same form, as ____________ propagated by afferent neurons. Perception of the type and intensity of a stimulus depends on which part of the brain the impulse projects to and the firing frequency the sensory neuron.

A.action potentials B.receptor potentials C.reflexes D.frequency localizations E.thresholds

2.The simplest sensory receptors are __________ that respond to mechanical distortion,changes in temperature, or specific chemicals.

A.nociceptors B.free nerve endings C.gated channels D.photoreceptors. E.ganglia

3.When membrane proteins on an olfactory neuron are stimulated by the binding of a specific chemical, what is the immediate result?

A.membrane depolarization B.membrane repolarization C.active ion transport D.membrane hyperpolarization E.neurotransmitter release

5.The lateral line system provides ________ with a sense of "distant touch," enabling these animals to sense objects that reflect pressure waves and low-frequency vibrations.

A.adult amphibians B.reptiles C.birds D.mammals E.fish

6.Which correctly represents the sequence of steps involved to convey sensory information to the CNS?

A.stimulation and ion flow through the synaptic cleft B.neurotransmitter release and interpretation
C.neurotransmitter release and ion flow through the synaptic cleft D.stimulation, transduction, transmission, and interpretation E.stimulation, transmission, and neurotransmitter release

7.Which of the following stimuli do vertebrates NOT have a specialized receptor for?

A.hearing B.taste C.smell D.humidity E.vision

8.Which of the following is NOT an example of a mechanoreceptor?

A.Meissner's corpuscles B.Ruffini endings C.Merkel cells D.red corpuscles E.Pacinian corpuscles

9.What are the receptors called that transmit impulses that are perceived by the brain as pain?
A. baroreceptors B. chemoreceptors C. nociceptors
D. thermoreceptors E. propioceptors

10. Which of the following do humans NOT have taste buds specialized to sense?

A. salty B. sour. C. sweet. D. vitamins E. bitter

BISC 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Autocrine Signalling, Cortisol, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

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