ARCH 131 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Allele Frequency, Gene Pool, Blood Type

• School: Simon Fraser University
• Department: Archaeology
• Course: ARCH 131
• Professor: Dennis Sandgathe

Document Summary

Alleles are different versions of a specific trait (slightly) different coding at the same gene location. Different alleles may code for conflicting traits (e. g blood type o vs blood type a) Each ge(cid:374)e locatio(cid:374) has t(cid:449)o alleles, o(cid:374)e fro(cid:373) each pare(cid:374)t"s ge(cid:374)etic replicatio(cid:374) A sex cell carries only half the chromosomes needed to create a normal individual: 23. This is the haploid number of chromosomes. Need to join 1 male and 1 female gamete in order to have the required diploid number of chromosomes and the complete genetic blueprints for a normal individual. 46 double stranded chromosomes then form 23 four-stranded tetrads. Starts with 46 single stranded chromosomes: primary spermacyte (46 chromosomes, secondary spermacyte (23 chromosomes) Creation of eggs: primary oocyte -> secondary oocyte -> mature ovum. Gene pool: all the different genes and their various expressions (their alleies) that exist in the. This can refer to their entire genetic makeup or to the alleies found at specific gene locations.