SOC 105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: The Body Beautiful, Cultural Capital, Correspondence Principle
28 Jun 2018
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SOC105
Lecture 8
What forms does cultural diversity take?
Subcultures
- segment of society that shares distinctive pattern of mores, folkways, and values that
differs from the larger society
- a subculture is a culture existing within a larger, dominant culture
- argot: specialized language that distinguishes a subculture from the wider society
Countercultures
- subculture that conspicuously and deliberately opposes certain aspects of the larger
culture
- not always a clear separation between the two
- there is movement between sub and counter cultures
Norms
- established standards of behaviour maintained by a society
- to be significant, must be widely shared and understood
Types of Norms
Form norms
- generally written down; specify strict punishments for violations
- for example, laws
Informal norms
- generally understood but not precisely recorded
- for example, work place attire
Norms
- norms deemed highly necessary to the welfare of a society, often because they embody
the most cherished principles of a people
- for example, incest
Folkways
- norms governing everyday behaviour
- for example, table manners
Norms
- acceptance of norms
- subject to change as political, economic, and social conditions of a culture are
transformed
Sanctions
- penalties and rewards for conduct concerning a social norm
- may be either positive or negative
Values
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