PSY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Naturalistic Observation, Internal Validity, Scatter Plot

• School: Ryerson University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSY 102
• Professor: Zahra Vahedi

Document Summary

Lecture 3: collecting data: concept defined in an easily measurable way. (1) observation (2) self- report (survey) (3) standardised testing. Collecting data: naturalistic observation: advantage: high in external validity (generalizability, representative of real life", disadvantages: 1. reactivity: when behaviour changes bc you are being observed. 2. low internal validity: extent to which we can draw cause-and- effect inferences from a study: lack of control over the variables results in researchers having to wait for behaviour to unfold . Collecting data: case studies: advantage of case studies, 1) can be helpful in providing existence proofs, 2) opportunity to study rare phenomenon, disadvantage: generalizability beyond that case. Correlation research: correlational design: examines 2 variables association, measuring not manipulation, strength of relationship, scatterplot: 2d graph for correlation. The experimental method: identify independent and dependent variables, determination of causality, be able to calculate some simple summary statistics (mean, mode, and median) The experimental method: boyatzis, matillo& nesbit (1995) - studied a group of 5- to.