PSY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Confirmation Bias, Sleep Deprivation, Nocebo

• School: Ryerson University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSY 102
• Professor: Tom Malcomson

Document Summary

Surveys: tell us lots of information, but not cause and effect, not why something is the case. Correlational designs: helps see the extent to which 2 variables are associated, the relationship between 2 variables. Correlation coefficients: the statistics psychologists use to measure correlations r= -1. 0 (line going down) to +1. 0 (line going up) 1. 0: perfect negative correlation: +1. 0: perfect positive correlation, less than or more than 1. 0 (either positive or negative), indicates a less than perfect correlation. If there is an outlier, it affects the mean, but not the standard deviation as much. Illusory correlation: we think the(cid:396)e is a(cid:374) (cid:396) (cid:271)ut the(cid:396)e is (cid:374)ot. O(cid:374)e o(cid:272)(cid:272)asio(cid:374) is(cid:374)"t e(cid:374)ough: fallacy of positive instances, p(cid:396)o(cid:448)es (cid:449)e (cid:272)a(cid:374)"t (cid:396)el(cid:455) o(cid:374) ou(cid:396) o(cid:449)(cid:374) perception to see if 2 variables correlate, and we need correlation designs. Independent variables: the aspect of the environment that is manipulated: e. g. amount of space.