PHL 214 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Inductive Reasoning, Logical Reasoning, Soundness
Document Summary
Four ways to see if premises are properly connected to its conclusion. Deductive entailment or validity: when the premises are true, the conclusion must be true. Will be either in the linear support pattern, or in the linked patter. Eg- if a, then b , if b, then c, so a=c. A-the premises in such arguments either entail the conclusion, or they don"t. This is not to say that if they don"t, the game is over. There are other ways of having the premises support the conclusion. Conductive support: a number of distinct claims converge to support the argument"s conclusion; they work separately to one end. Eg- all the reason for a accused to be charged. Inductive support: (inferring)on the basis of a set of observations, we infer that all or most of the objects or events of the same type will have that feature.
