PHL 214 Lecture 12: Critical Thinking
18 Jan 2019
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Exercise: which fallacy: the all-star team comprises the best players from each team in the league. Clearly, it would beat every team in the league: fallacy of composition, the former mayor was convicted of drug possession, and he spent time in jail. So you can safely ignore anything he has to say about legalizing drugs: fallacy of appeal to the person. Deductive reasoning: propositional logic: deductively valid argument- if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true, deductively sound argument- is valid and the premises are true. Inductive arguments- premises support the conclusion but may not be true (strong or weak: propositional logic is concerned with the validity of deductive arguments. It is a tool for evaluating deductive arguments, especially complex ones: our main focus for this chapter is validity, not soundness. B: if jim studies carefully, he will pass the test. Jim will pass the test: if lebowski is an octopus, pigs will fly.
