PAT 20A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Blood Gas Tension, Effusion, Angina Pectoris
22 Mar 2016
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Document Summary
Syndrome for impaired cardiac pumping/illing resuling in changes in vasoconstricion and luid retenion. Usually results from htn, cad, & mi. Characterized by ventricular dysfuncion, reduced exercise tolerance, diminished qol, shortened life-expectancy. Risk factors: htn (major), diabetes, smoking, obesity, and high serum cholesterol. Hf caused by any interference to mechanisms regulaing cardiac output. All leads to ventricular failure resuling in hf (hf described as either systolic /diastolic) Inability of ventricles to contract (heart can"t pump blood) results in insuicient o2-rich blood pumped to body. Caused by impaired contracility (mi), inc. aterload (htn), cardiomyopathy, mechanical abnormaliies (valvular heart disease) Decrease in ejecion fracion hallmark of systolic hf: ejecion fracion: amount of blood pumped out of let ventricle with each beat, normal ef is > 55% of ventricular volume. Ventricles doesn"t relax/ill properly during diastole, results in dec. stroke volume. Characterized by high illing pressures resuling in venous engorgement in pulmonary & systemic vascular systems.
