NSE 13A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Pulse Oximetry, Neuropathic Pain, Noxious Stimulus
21 Oct 2016
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Skin colour, shades of brown, yellow, orange, red/ purple. The order: temperature, pulse, respiratory rate, blood pressure. Core temperature: 37. 2 celsius, 99 fahrenheit. Influencing factors: age, diurnal cycle, menstruation, exercise. Amount of oxygen to hemoglobin in our systems: arterial oxygen saturation, reported as a percentage. Ratio of oxy-hemoglobin and un-oxygenated hemoglobin: 97-98% Factors affecting the accuracy of the reading: accuracy of pulse, vasoconstricition. Nociceptors: specialized nerve endings, detect painful sensations from periphery, transmit sensations to the cns. Nociception: phases of how noxious stimuli are perceived as pain. Deep somatic pain ie, joints, tendons or musculoskeletal system: visceral. Related to direct injury or a tumour. Neuropathic pain: lesion or disease affecting nervous system, severe. Burning, shooting and lancinating: difficult to manage. Acute pain: short term, predictable trajectory, self-protective. Chronic pain: 6 months or longer than the predictable trajectory. Pain is not a normal part of aging: gender differences, cultural and social, timing of pain assessment. Critical findings: sudden change in pain.
