CRM 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Anthropological Criminology, Applied Science, Bourgeoisie
Document Summary
Historical context: changes in the 19th century gave rise to capitalism, represents continuity and change. It is a continuity because the power imbalance between the peasants and the aristocrats changed to the proletariats and the bourgeoisie: 19th century is all about progress. Intellectual shift: extension of the focus on science from the classical model. Not just understanding the world, but changing it, and making progress: social change was to be undertaken based on the pillars of science: logic and reason, emergence of experts in social engineering: doctors, teachers, criminal justice professionals. They believed society was like a biological organism with different parts that work together. If one part is dysfunctional we can correct it based on scientific knowledge from experts. 2 types of positivism: biological, biological explanations for crime, crime is born, not made, nature over nurture, psychological, psychological explanations for crime, crime is made not born, nature plus nurture.
