BLG 181 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Comparative Anatomy, Botany, Continental Drift

• School: Ryerson University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BLG 181
• Professor: Maria Arts

Document Summary

Purpose: create unique names for all organisms help reconstruct evolutionary pathways. Approximately 8. 7 million eukaryotic species identified and classified. Taxonomy is the branch of science that deals with classifying and naming organisms. Carolus li(cid:374)(cid:374)aeus (cid:862)father of ta(cid:454)o(cid:374)o(cid:373)(cid:455)(cid:863) (cid:894)(cid:1005)7(cid:1004)7-1778: christian botanist, created phylogenetic trees as a way to show the place of every creature i(cid:374) relatio(cid:374) to o(cid:374)e a(cid:374)other i(cid:374) god"s creatio(cid:374)/pla(cid:374) Domain/kingdom systems: linnaeus started with the plantae/animalia division, whittaker continued with plantae/animalia/fungi/monera/protista, woese continued with first: plantae/animalia/fungi/protista/bacteria/archaea. Domain kingdom phylum class order family genus species. Binomial nomenclature: genus species name of finder, common names are misleading - bear, bird, fish mean different things in different places. Species: organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring, organisms that are reproductively isolated, to identify different species, we use comparative anatomy, developmental stages (embryos), chromosome structure, behavioural traits, molecular traits (structures of proteins and dna) Jean-baptiste lamarck (1744-1829: coi(cid:374)ed the ter(cid:373) (cid:862)evolutio(cid:374)(cid:863, hypothesis of the inheritance of acquired characteristics.