BCH 361 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Ethanol Fermentation, Alcohol Dehydrogenase, Acetaldehyde

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12 Jan 2017

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Glycolysis 6: nad+ used but not regenerated when gap -> 1,3-bpg. Pyruvate to mitochondria = acetyl coa -> tca -> etc. Lactic acid fermentation: produces lactic acid + nad+ x2 homolactic fermentation converts pyruvate to lactate. Ldh converts pyruvate to lactate by transferring hydride of nadh c4 attacks carbonyl c2 of pyruvate and h+ bonds w/ o, forming lactate and nad+. Net eqn: glucose + 2 adp + 2 pi ---> 2 lactate + 2 atp + 2 h2o x2 alcoholic fermentation (yeast, bacteria) converts pyruvate to ethanol and. Pyruvate (3c) + nadh --> ethanol (2c) + nad+ Pyruvate decarboxylated by pyruvate decarboxylase in presence of h+ and tpp (coenzyme), yields acetylaldehyde + co2. C-c bond broken -> h+ bonds w/ brown c = co2 + acetaldehyde. Alcohol dehydrogenase transfers hydride of nadh to acetaldehyde. Active site has zn2 which interacts w/ active site residues.

Related Questions

Which of the following is common to both aerobic and anaerobicmicrobes?

	Fermentation
	An electron transport chain
	Pyruvate oxidation
	Glycolysis
	All of the above

The primary purpose of catabolism is

	generation of ADP.
	generation of ATP.
	oxidation of NADH to NAD⁺.
	degradation of organic molecules.
	biosynthesis.

What is a fate of pyruvate during alcoholic fermentation byyeast?

	It is reduced to lactic acid.
	It is oxidized to form glucose and carbon dioxide
	It is cleaved to form acetylaldehyde and carbon dioxide.
	It is catabolized in glycolysis.
	It is oxidized to form lactic acid and carbon dioxide.

Electrons needed to reduce an oxidized electron acceptor areprovided by

	a) externally provided compounds such asH<sub>2</sub>, lactate or formate.
	b) an intermediate electron carrier such as NADH.
	c) 0<sub>2</sub>.
	d) Both a and b
	e) All of the above

How are aerobic respiration and anaerobic respirationsimilar?

	Both use oxygen as a terminal electron carrier.
	These are other names for glycolysis.
	Both utilize inorganic molecules as terminal electronacceptors.
	Neither receives electrons from glycolysis.
	Anaerobic respiration does not exist in microbes.

The conversion of phosphoenolpyruvic acid (PEP) topyruvate

	a) releases CO<sub>2</sub>.
	b) involves the conversion of ADP and ATP.
	c) involves substrate-level phosphorylation.
	d) Both a and b
	e) Both b and c

Which of the following is the best definition offermentation?

	The reduction of glucose to pyruvic acid
	The complete catabolism of glucose to CO₂ andH₂O
	The oxidation of a carbohydrate with organic molecules servingas electron donors and acceptors
	The production of ATP from glucose
	The production of ethanol from glucose

A reaction that yields energy has a

	positive ?G_o?.
	negative ?G_o?.
	positive ?E_o?.
	negative ?E_o?.
	negative ?H_o?.

Oxidation and reduction reactions are always coupledbecause

	a) electrons generally accompany protons.
	b) protons generally accompany protons.
	c) electrons cannot exist free in solution.
	d) Both a and b
	e) All of the above

10.

Which of the following is true of aerobic respiration?

	It involves the reduction of oxygen.
	It involves the oxidation of oxygen.
	It involves the reduction of lactic acid.
	It involves the oxidation of lactic acid.
	It does not generate ATP.

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BCH 361 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Ethanol Fermentation, Alcohol Dehydrogenase, Acetaldehyde

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