PHGY 214 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Y Chromosome, Breastfeeding, Dehydroepiandrosterone
11 May 2016
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The hypothalamus stimulates the secretion of gnrh, which activates lh and fsh. Leydig cells that are outside of the follicle respond to lh to produce testosterone. Testosterone, through negative feedback, selectively inhibits lh secretion and gnrh. Testosterone then diffuses inside the testes to stimulate sertoli cells. Fsh through a secondary messenger enters the testes and stimulates sertoli cells. Sertoli cells produce inhibin (a protein hormone), which through negative feed back selectively inhibit. Spermatogenesis consists of three stages: mitotic proliferation, meiosis, and packing. Starts with a diploid number of 46 and ends with a haploid number of 23. In spermatogenesis, one daughter cell remains at the outer edge of the seminiferous tubule to maintain the germ cell line and one daughter cell moves toward the lumen to produce spermatozoa. 16 spermatozoa is produced for every sperm cell that divides: female steroidgenesis. Lh stimulates the thecal cells in the ovarian follicle. The thecal cells convert cholesterol to androgen.
