HLTH 230 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Galactose, Blood Sugar, Chemical Formula

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silverdinosaur832

16 Jul 2016

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Describe monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides and outline the carbohydrates that belong to each classification along with the major food sources. Disaccharides: sugars composed of pairs of monosaccharides. Polysaccharides: large molecules composed of chains of monosaccharides. Most important sugars in nutrition: glucose, fructose, and galactose. Glucose: commonly known as blood sugar and serves as an essential energy source for the body"s activities; chemical formula c6h12o6. Galactose: occurs naturally as a single sugar in a few foods. Disaccharides: maltose (glucose + glucose), sucrose (glucose + fructose), and lactose (glucose + galactose). They are formed through condensation reactions (water is released as two reactants combine to form one larger product). They are broken apart through hydrolysis (a molecule of water splits to provide the h and oh needed to complete the resulting monosaccharides and commonly occur through digestion). Maltose: consists of two glucose units and is produced when starch breaks down.

Related Questions

Proteins are composed of which of these monomers?

a) amino acids

b) glucose

c) fatty acids

d) nucleotides

e) glycerol

The source of glucose in our diet is

A Starch

B Sucrose, and other disaccharides

C Lactose

D Glucose and other monosaccharides

E all of the above

Which one of the following carbohydrates is a ketose sugar?

A. Galactose

B. Fructose

C. Glucose

D. Mannose

E. Glyceraldehyde

Animals cannot metabolize cellulose for which of the following reasons?

A.. Cellulose is insoluble.

B. They do not commonly consume cellulose.

C. They do not have an enzyme to hydrolyze the beta-1,4-glycosidic bonds (linkages).

D. They do not have an enzyme to hydrolyze the branches.

In amylopectin, the glucose molecules are connected by

A. beta-1,4-glycosidic bonds

B. alpha-1,6-glycosidic bonds

C. alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds

D. alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds and alpha-1,6-glycosidic bonds

Which of these statements about galactose is FALSE?

Galactose

A. is an aldohexose that occurs in the free form in nature.

B. is obtained as a hydrolysis product of the disaccharide lactose, a sugar found in milk and milk products.

C is important in the cellular membranes of the brain and nervous system.

D. differs from D-glucose only in the arrangement of the OH group on carbon 4.

E) none of the above are false

Name of Macronutrient	Subtypes of Macronutrient (Weâve listed the names to provide a framework, but explain what each means)	Food Sources (list food sources broken down by subtype of macronutrient)	Major Functions (make sure to explain each)	Recommended Intake (for you â include your demographic)	Related Health Concerns (be specific regarding how the macronutrient contributes to this health problem)
Carbohydrates	Monosaccharides Sweet, colorless, crystalline structure which contain one (mono) molecule of sugar (saccharide), with the basic CnH2nOn makeup: are the glucose and Fructose âGalactose; Sucrose, maltose and lactose Polysaccharides is a monosaccharaides bonded togehte (wikibooks). Which are simple? Monosaccharides Which are complex? Polysaccharides Both Monosacharides and Polysaccharides can be good healthy diet( wikkibooks).	Monosaccharides: glucose is found on some fruits, vegetable and honey; fructose is found in fruits, honey and corn syrup ( wikkibook) Polyasacchariders Starch (cereal grains such as wheat, oats, barley, corn rice and their products; cellulose which acts as a dietary fiber(soluble â barley-oats,rye) insoluble fiber whole grains ready to eat cereals and others) and glycogen â a storage form of glucose in the liver and muscle ( Non digestable dietary â cellulose â whole grains- green leatu vegetable; pectin- fruits, carrots, sweet potatoes. Exemple of digestable food â shellfish, animal liver.(nutrient.review,n.d)
Proteins	Essential amino acids Nonessential amino acids
Lipids	Triglycerides Phospholipids Sterols

Charts and tables are tools we use in science to break down information analytically and present data in an organized manner. It is a beneficial strategy for learning about and organizing scientific material, which we will be using often in this class. Make sure that you are detailed, thorough, and specific in your responses. Explain yourself clearly. Do not list a word or brief phrase without explaining what it means. For example, if you list diabetes for carbohydrates, make sure you explain how carbs are associated with diabetes. Don't leave the reader to make that connection for you. Also, make sure you provide APA-style references for each of your so

HLTH 230 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Galactose, Blood Sugar, Chemical Formula

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