HIST 122 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: First Opium War, Indirect Rule, New Imperialism
16 Apr 2013
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From 1770-1900: gb: 50 colonies, fr: 33, germany: 13, usa: 6, netherlands: 4, russia: 3, italy: 3, spain: 3, japan: 2, portugal: 2, belgium: 1. Decline of qing and ottoman empires: power vacuum emerges. Nationalist sentiments: push for foreign colonies. New imperialism: phases: sub-imperialism, transition phase, high imperialism. Engaged in trading with other country and set up trade posts only handful of europeans. Or set up of settler societies where europeans became dominant. Settler colonies: massive migration, extension of civil and political liberties, eventual eclipse of the colonizers. Economic penetration: acquiring goods without middle man. The first opium war (1839-1841) coastal occupation. Treaty of nanking (1842) including hong-kong. Second opium war (1856-1860) trade terms; extraterritoriality. Imperialism of military might formal imperialism: india; african continent. Imperialism of free trade informal imperialism: s. america; s. e. asia. Economic: individual entrepreneurs cecil rhodes, corporations rubber, tin, metals, petroleum, market and migration. Competing amongst nations: averting european wars.
