BCHM 218 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Protein Folding, Amine, Peptide

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The terms peptide, polypeptide, and protein are often used interchangeably. As generally defined, a peptide usually consists of a very short segment of 10 or fewer amino acids. A polypeptide usually co(cid:374)sists of fe(cid:449)er tha(cid:374) (cid:1005)(cid:1004)(cid:1004) a(cid:373)i(cid:374)o acids, a(cid:374)d (cid:862)polypeptide chai(cid:374)(cid:863) ca(cid:374) refer to a polypeptide of any size. A protein is a large macromolecule that can be composed of one or more polypeptide chains. The 20 amino acids in proteins: all proteins (from bacteria to humans) are constructed of the same set of 20 amino acids. Understanding the structure and chemical properties of these amino acids is essential for determining how proteins fold, the protein stability, and how a protein interacts with its environment: amino acids are categorized by their chemical properties. Recall the general structure of amino acids, the central carbon atom (the carbon) bonded to a hydrogen atom, an amino group, a carboxyl group, and the side chain.

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