HPED 2030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Pain Tolerance, Natural Number

• School: Mount Royal University
• Department: Health and Physical Education
• Course: HPED 2030
• Professor: Sommer Christie

Document Summary

The research process: focus: designing and conducting the study. What data do we want to collect: variables. How will we collect this data: data collection tools. Research variables: variable an entity that can take on different values, concrete variables - easy to define, measure, and manipulate, ex. Age, gender, income: non-concrete variables definition and ways of measuring are not as obvious, ex. Emotions, pain tolerance, stress, confidence, self-esteem etc: proper procedure all variables need to be operationally defined. Operational variables: a definition that specifies the exact usage in a study. It should reflect common usage in the discipline: required for words that have multiple meanings, helps the reader understand the study. Levels of measurement (noir: nominal scale demonstrates difference between values (ex. University majors: ordinal scale demonstrates difference between values, and tells you the direction of difference (ex. Interval scale demonstrates difference between variables, tells the direction of difference, has an equality of units, and an arbitrary zero (ex.