SOCIOL 2HH3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Penis Envy, Sandra Bem, Phallic Stage
18 Jan 2020
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So that explains it psychoanalytic and developmental perspectives on gender. Agenda: freud"s theory of psychosocial development, three contributions to the theory of sex (1938, psychoanalytic feminists, sex role theories (terman and miles, parsons, how many genders: sandra bem 1974, social learning theory, cognitive development theory. Psychoanalytic theory: freud (1856-1939: sexuality play a critical role in the development of personality. Id: instincts, driven by the libido: libido always want to invest energy into pleasure, ego: balancing force, superego: internalized norms, values and expectations of society. Social learning theory: focus on the impact of the social environment on human behaviour, external reinforcement: rewarding gender appropriate behaviour, modeling appropriate behaviour (direct and observational learning) Cognitive development theory: jean piaget (1896-1980, cognitive skills are developed through different stages, 1. Sensorimotor stage: young children use their senses to make discoveries: birth to 2 years, 2. Preoperational stage: begin to use words and symbols: ages 2 to 7, reading and being read to absolutely crucial, 3.
