PSYCH 2GG3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Neil Degrasse Tyson, Deep Learning
Lecture 9
Paul Szego: How to get good information
The school system:
- Neil Tyson:
o In school, rarely do we learn how data become facts, how facts become
knowledge, and how knowledge becomes wisdom
5 steps for good information:
1. What information am I trying to capture?
2. What information am I actually capturing?
3. What information am I trying to explain?
4. What are my sources?
5. What kinds of information can I gather?
Summative v. formative data:
Summative:
- collected at the end of a chapter, unit, or course;
o after instruction has taken place
- obtained through a variety of means including tests, projects, and student portfolios.
- Goal =
o evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it
against standards
- High point value
Formative:
- Goal =
o monitor student learning and provide ongoing feedback that can be used by
instructors to improve their teaching and by students to improve their learning.
- Low point value
Summative vs formative data
• Summative is what have we learned, what have we inquired, it is the summary.
• It is more about memorization more learning how to answer.
• It is not deep learning, it is a metric, it is not valuable and deep.
• The score does not give you the same information, you need to look at how they got it,
where they got it, now this data is becoming information.
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