NURSING 3PA2 B Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Adaptive Immune System, Innate Immune System
22 May 2020
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Adaptive immunity: goal: to maintain homeostasis by protecting the body from pathogens, foreign molecules, and harmful toxins, derangements of the adaptive immune response: when the immune response runs too far, autoimmunity: systemic lupus erythematosus (sle). Ciliary beating helps to sweep pathogens from upper and lower airways. Tight junctions in epithelium prevent pathogens from slipping between cells to enter underlying host tissue. Proteolytic enzymes (lysozymes, pepsin in gut, breakdown pathogenic components) Commensal flora compete with pathogens for resources (space and nutrients) Mainly consist of tissue resident and wandering macrophages. Ingested pathogens occupy a phagosome which is then fused with a lysosome to produce a phagolysome where digestion of the pathogen occurs. Nk cells do not phagocytose pathogens, rather they secrete toxic chemicals or induce apoptosis in target cells. A localized response to infection involving vasodilation, increased vascular permeability and mobilization of phagocytes involving: leukocytosis, margination, diapedesis and chemotaxis.
