MEDRADSC 3U03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Cytokine, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peristalsis
4 Jan 2017
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Document Summary
Data on the biologic effects complied from many sources. 403 radiation accidents worldwide from 1944-1999: 19 - criticalities (i. e. nuclear reactors, 303 radiation devices (sealed sources or x-ray devices, 81 radioisotopes. These accidents have resulted in 120 deaths: 30 in usa, 2 in uk, 32 in the former ussr. Generally considered to be death attributed to a specific high-intensity radiation exposure, occurring within a few weeks. Survival time and mode of death depend on the magnitude of the radiation dose. Prodromal radiation syndrome: soon after irradiation early symptoms appear which last for a limited time. 3 distinct modes of death: hematopoietic syndrome, gastrointestinal syndrome, cerebrovascular syndrome. Symptoms vary with respect to time of onset, severity, duration: depends on dose. At lower doses, dose-response predictions are difficult due to a complex interplay of factors. Severe prodromal response indicates a poor clinical prognosis: prolonged period of acute hematologic aplasia accompanied by potentially fatal infection, anemia and hemorrhage.
