KINESIOL 1AA3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Alpha Cell, Hemoglobin, Bilirubin
18 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
Triggered by irritation: anywhere along the digestive tract. Structures that need to open: mouth, upper and lower esophageal sphincter. Structures that need to close: larynx opening epiglottis, nasopharynx opening soft palate. Muscles that expel contents: abdominal muscles, diaphragm. Accessory organs: liver (gallbladder) and pancreas. Function of the small intestine: digest and absorb nutrients, primarily absorbs water. Proximal end of small intestine: exits the pylorus and joins to jejunum. Has a highly specialized surface: to increase surface area. Liver/pancreas: more secreted to the major, less secreted to the minor. Fingerlike projections of the epithelium: contains a blood capillary. Where the epithelium invaginates into the submucosa: produces mucous. Located on each villi: collectively called brush border. Simple columnar epithelium: located on the surface absorptive and goblet cells, located in the intestinal gland granular and endocrine cells. Absorptive cells: cells with microvilli, absorbs digested food, secretes digestive enzymes. Duodenal glands (brunner glands: produce mucous. Gradual decrease from duodenum to large intestine.
