HISTORY 1M03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Pentose, The Double Helix, Base Pair
25 Apr 2021
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Stands for deoxyribonucleic acid (deoxy means missing oh group) Most common form of dna is b-form dna. Backbone = pentose sugar + phosphate group. Each turn of the helix measures ~10 base pairs. Made up of nitrogenous base, pentose sugar and phosphate group. Nitrogenous base is always attached to the 1" carbon of the pentose sugar. Rna has oh while dna has h on carbon 2". The phosphate group always attaches to another nucleotide on the 3" hydroxyl. Phosphate group is always attached to the 5" carbon of the pentose sugar. Made up of nucleotide monomers known as deoxynucleotides that connect through phosphodiester bonds. The phosphodiester bond is from the phosphate group to the 3" oxygen group in. The connection of one nucleotide to the other nucleotide on the opposite strand is called a base pair. Adenine goes with thymine 2 hydrogen bonds. Guanine goes with cytosine 3 hydrogen bonds. Pyrimidines (1 ring) = cytosine and thymine.
