GEOG 1HB3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Thomas Robert Malthus, Agricultural Productivity, Dr2
31 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
May 14, 2018- Lecture 5B
Population Growth Theory and Dynamics
Population Dynamics:
- Globally, population is understood with reference to two factors: fertility (births) and
mortality (deaths)
o P1= P0 + (B-D)
- Regionally though, population is also influenced by population movement: migration
(immigration and emigration)
o P1 = P0 + (B-D) + (I-E)
Fertility: Measures and Factors:
- Crude Birth Rate (CBR): CBR= (B/P) x 1000
o Total number of live births per year for every 1000 people already living
- True fertility:
o The number of women in the population, and
o The number of women of child bearing age (i.e. 15-49)
- General Fertility Rate (or fecundity) (GFR):
o GFR= (B/PF-15-49 ) X 1000
- Total Fertility Rate (TFR): the average number of children a woman will have in her
fecund years (15-49)
o Global TFR= 2.5 (2015); MDW= <2.0; LDW= >2.0
o Replacement rate: ~2.1
- Many factors influence the rates of fertility
o Age, nutritional well-being, level of economic development, and culture
Patterns:
- Total Fertility Rate: average number of children a woman will have in her reproductive
years
Mortality: Measures:
- Crude Death Rate (CDR): CDR= (D/P) x 1000
o Total number of death per year for every 1000 people
o Does not account for the age of the population
- Infant Mortality Rate (age adjusted rate) (IMR): IMR= D0-1/B) x 1000
o Ranges from less than 10 to more than 1000
- Life Expectancy: the average number of years of life
o Range from the low 40s to more than 80
- Many factors influence the rates of mortality
o Age of population, access to health care services, economic circumstances,
environmental conditions
- Patterns:
o Life expectancy: average number of years and infant can expect to live (assuming
current mortality rates)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Globally, population is understood with reference to two factors: fertility (births) and mortality (deaths: p1= p0 + (b-d) Regionally though, population is also influenced by population movement: migration (immigration and emigration: p1 = p0 + (b-d) + (i-e) Crude birth rate (cbr): cbr= (b/p) x 1000: total number of live births per year for every 1000 people already living. True fertility: the number of women in the population, and, the number of women of child bearing age (i. e. 15-49) General fertility rate (or fecundity) (gfr): gfr= (b/pf-15-49 ) x 1000. Total fertility rate (tfr): the average number of children a woman will have in her fecund years (15-49: global tfr= 2. 5 (2015); mdw= <2. 0; ldw= >2. 0, replacement rate: ~2. 1. Many factors influence the rates of fertility: age, nutritional well-being, level of economic development, and culture. Total fertility rate: average number of children a woman will have in her reproductive years.
