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ECON 1B03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Diminishing Returns, Plasma Display, Marginal Product

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limepug436
4 Mar 2015
School
McMaster University
Department
Economics
Course
ECON 1B03
Professor
Hannah Holmes

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ECON 1B03 Full Course Notes
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ECON 1B03 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary

The firm"s goal is to maximize its profits. Total revenue, tr- amount a firm receives for the sale of its output. Total cost, tc- market value of the inputs a firm uses in production. Cost of production- includes all opportunity costs of making g/s. Explicit costs- require direct outlay of money; can get a receipt. Implicit costs- no outlay of money; don"t get a receipt. Accounting profit- accounting profit = tr explicit costs. Economic profit- economic profit = tr explicit costs implicit costs. Since economic profit includes explicit and implicit costs, economic profits < accounting profit. Production function- shows the relationship between quantity of input used to make a g/s, and the quantity of output of that g/s. Marginal product- the input in the production process is the increase in output that arises from an additional unit of input. Mp is the slope of the total product function. Mp = total output / # of inputs.

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Related Questions

26. To the economist total cost includes 

 A. explicit and implicit costs.

B neither implicit nor explicit costs.

C. implicit, but not explicit, costs.

D. explicit, but not implicit, costs.

 

27. Accounting profits are typically

A. greater than economic profits because the former do not take explicit costs into account

B. equal to economic profits because accounting costs include all opportunity costs.

C. smaller than economic profits because the former do not take implicit costs into account.

D. greater than economic profits because the former do not take implicit costs into account. 

 

28. Suppose that a business incurred implicit costs of $200,000 and explicit costs of $1 million in a specific year. If the firm sold 4,000 units of its output at $300 per unit, its accounting profits were

A. $100,000 and its economic profits were $0.

B. $200,000 and its economic profits were $0.

C. $100,000 and its economic profits were $100,000.

D. $0 and its economic loss was $200,000.

 

29. The basic difference between the short run and the long run is that

A. all costs are fixed in the short run, but all costs are variable in the long run.

B. the law of diminishing returns applies in the long run but not in the short run.

C. at least one resource is fixed in the short run, while all resources are variable in the long run.

D. economies of scale may be present in the short run but not in the long run.

 

30. The law of diminishing returns indicates that

A. as extra units of a variable resource are added to a fixed resource, marginal product will decline beyond some point.

B. because of economies and diseconomies of scale, a competitive firm's long-run average total cost curve will be U-shaped.

C. the demand for goods produced by purely competitive industries is downsloping.

D. beyond some point, the extra utility derived from additional units of a product will yield the consumer smaller and smaller extra amounts of satisfaction.

 

You may be aware that there are three types of profit: accounting profit, economic profit, and normal profit. The difference between the total revenue and the sum of the explicit and implicit costs of an organization results in economic profit. It is commonly assumed that every firm's goal is to maximize its profit, and the economic theory of business is built on this underlying assumption. Address the following in detail: Describe the economic principles that company executives should consider when developing a strategy or strategies that will maximize profits while minimizing incentives for competitors to develop competing products. Explain why each of these economic principles is important to the company's strategy. Recommend and justify a strategy that you believe will maximize profits while minimizing incentives for increased competition.

You may be aware that there are three types of profit: accounting profit, economic profit, and normal profit. The difference between the total revenue and the sum of the explicit and implicit costs of an organization results in economic profit. It is commonly assumed that every firm's goal is to maximize its profit, and the economic theory of business is built on this underlying assumption. Address the following in detail: Describe the economic principles that company executives should consider when developing a strategy or strategies that will maximize profits while minimizing incentives for competitors to develop competing products. Explain why each of these economic principles is important to the company's strategy. Recommend and justify a strategy that you believe will maximize profits while minimizing incentives for increased competition.