ECON 1B03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Sunk Costs

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24 Oct 2018

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ECON 1B03 Full Course Notes

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Sometimes a firm will choose to not produce anything at all. For ex. , negative advertising causes a temporary decrease in demand which leads to a. Shut down in sr b/c market conditions drop in market price of a firm"s good. But firm expects that effect of advertising will wear off, demand will rise again and therefore price will rise again in near future. When that happens, firm plans to reopen. If a firm shuts down, it makes no revenue at all. But, it still has to pay its fixed costs (like its lease, insurance, bank loans, security, etc. ) It does save by not having to pay any variable costs (no wages, raw materials" costs, etc. ) b/c it"s not producing anything. As long as a firm can cover its variable costs, it pays for firm to say open and keep producing. Shutting down, even for a short time, could mean a big loss in customers.

Related Questions

1. Competitive markets are characterized by

a. The interdependence of firms.

b. A small number of buyers and sellers.

c. Free entry and exit by firms.

d. Unique products.

2. A firm that shuts down temporarily has to pay

a. Both its variable costs and fixed costs.

b. Its variable costs but not its fixed costs.

c. Its fixed costs but not its variable costs.

d. Neither its variable costs nor its fixed costs.

3. A profit-maximizing firm will shut down in the short run when

a. Average revenue is greater than the average fixed cost.

b. Price is less than the average total cost.

c. Average revenue is greater than marginal cost.

d. Price is less than average variable cost.

brownsea-lion330

20) When price is less than average variable cost at the profit-maximizing level of output, a firm should: A) continue to produce the level of output at which marginal revenue equals marginal cost if it is operating in the long run. B) shutdown, because it cannot even cover all of its variable costs let alone its fixed costs if it stays in business. C) shutdown, because it will lose nothing in that case. D) continue to produce the level of output at which marginal revenue equals marginal cost if it is operating in the short run. 21) When price is greater than average variable cost but less than average total cost at the profit-maximizing level of output, a firm should: A) continue to produce the level of output at which marginal revenue equals marginal cost. B) shutdown to minimize its losses. C) reduce output to the level at which price equals average variable cost to minimize its losses. D) increase output to minimize its losses. 22) Assume that at the current market price, a perfectly competitive firm's profit-maximizing level of output yields total revenues that are just equal to total costs. Which of the following statements applies to this firm? A) The firm should increase its explicit costs to reduce its tax burden. B) The firm should shut down right now. C) The firm should continue to operate in the short run to minimize losses, but shut down if things don't improve over the long run. D) The firm is earning zero economic profit and should continue to operate. 23) The perfectly competitive firm's supply curve: A) coincides with its perfectly elastic demand curve. B) is the firm's average total cost curve above the shutdown point. C) is perfectly inelastic at the market price. D) is the firm's marginal cost curve above the minimum point on the AVC curve. 24) Assume there is a decrease in the market demand for a good sold by price-taking firms that are initially producing the profit-maximizing level of output. How will the market adjust over time? A) Firms will exit the market, causing price to rise until losses are eliminated. B) Firms will exit the market, causing price to fall until positive profits are eliminated. C) Firms will enter the market, causing price to fall until positive profits are eliminated. D) Firms will enter the market, causing price to rise until losses are eliminated. 25) What is the "most efficient capacity" for the perfectly competitive firm? A) The plant size for which Price = AR. B) The plant size at which LRAC is at its minimum. C) The plant size at which MR = MC. D) The plant size at which any of the SRATC curves are tangent to the LRAC curve.

greenrat247

Match the following.

constant-cost industry	A market structure in which a large number of firms sell a homogenous product or service with no restrictions on entry or exit and each firm is a price-taker.
increasing-cost industry	The demand facing a price-taking firm.
long-run equilibrium	A firm produces zero output but must still pay its fixed costs.
marginal revenue product	Price below which a firm shuts down in the short run.
perfect competition	All firms produce where price equals long-run marginal cost, and economic profits are zero.
perfectly elastic demand	Industry in which input prices rise as all firms in the industry expand output.
shut down	Industry in which input prices remain constant as all firms in the industry expand output.
the shut-down price	The additional revenue earned by hiring one more unit of a variable input.

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ECON 1B03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Sunk Costs

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