Log in
HomeClass Notes1,200,000CA670,000

BIOLOGY 2B03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Cytokine Receptor, Signal Transduction, Red Blood Cell

67 views12 pages
School
McMaster University
Department
Biology
Course
BIOLOGY 2B03
Professor
Suleiman A Igdoura

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

!"#$%&'()*(+(,#$*)-'.)/01)23404)
5*"#6*$+"#(78)*(.)9:$$.)+(::78)-*().(;(:$,(.)&')#6()9$'()<-**$=)-'.)+&*+>:-#()?$*)
-9$>#)@)<$'#67)&')#6()9$.")9(?$*()#6(")-*().&A(7#(.)-'.)*(+"+:(.)9")<-+*$,6-A()
B
46()7&A'-:)?$*)#6()<-#>*-#&$')$?)#6()(*"#6*$+"#(7)C#*-'7&#&$')?*$<),*$:&?(*-#&$')#$)
.&??(*('#&-#&$'D)&7)#6()+"#$%&'()+-::(.)(*"#6*$,$&(#&'E5,$)
B
5F,*(77&$')$?)5,$)&7)*(A>:-#(.)9")-')$F"A('29&'.&'A)#*-'7+*&,#&$')?-+#$*)&')%&.'(")+(::7)
B
5,$)&7)*(+(&;(.)9")5,$)*(+(,#$*7)-'.)#6(')-)7>97(G>('#)&'#*-+(::>:-*)7&A'-:)
#*-'7.>+#&$'),-#6=-"8)/0123404)8)&7)>7(.)#$)*(7,$'.)9")-)+6-'A()&')#6()#-*A(#)+(::H7)
9(6-;&$*))C#6()&'6&9&#&$')$?)-,$,#$7&7D
B
3#(,7I)
JK
L&<(*&M-#&$')$?)(-+6)5,$)*(+(,#$*7)*(7>:#7)&')#6()/01)%&'-7(7),6$7,6$*":-#&'A)
(-+6)$#6(*)&')-),*$+(77)%'$=')-7)->#$2,6$7,6$*":-#&$')
-
46(),6$7,6$*":-#(.)/01)%&'-7(7)#-*A(#)#"*$7&'()*(7&.>(7)$')#6()&'#*-+(::>:-*)
.$<-&')$?)#6()*(+(,#$*)
-
JJK
34048)=6&+6)6-7)-),*$#(&'2,*$#(&')&'#(*-+#&$').$<-&')+-::(.)3NO8)*(+$A'&M()
,6$7,6$*":-#(.)#"*$7&'(
-
3NO)9&'.7)#$)#"*$7&'()=&#6)-)6&A6)-??&'&#")=6(')&#)&7),6$7,6$*":-#(.8)'$#);(*")=(::)
&?)&#)&7),6$7,6$*":-#(.8)#6(*(?$*()#6(),*$+(77)&7)*(;(*7&9:())
-
P6$7,6$*":-#(.)3404)).&<(*7)+-')9()#*-'7,$*#(.)#6*$>A6)#6()'>+:(-*),$*()
+$<,:(F)&'#$)#6()'>+:(>7)
-
B
3404Q)&'+*(-7(7)#6()#*-'7+*&,#&$')$?)R+S2TS)=6&+6),*(;('#7)-,$,#$7&7)-'.)-::$=7)
.&??(*('#&-#&$')&'#$)(*"#6*$+"#(78)#6&7)&7)(;&.('#)?*$<)-')(F,(*&<('#)&')=6&+6)-)5,$)
*(+(,#$*)<>#-#&$')&')-)<$>7().&.'H#),*$.>+()*(.)9:$$.)+(::7)&')#6()?(#-:):&;(*
B
U-&:&'A)#$)#>*')$??)#6()7"7#(<)+$>:.)*(7>:#)&')-)6&A6)VR!)+$>'#8)*(7>:#&'A)&')-')&'+*(-7()
&');&7+$7&#")-'.):(-.&'A)#$)9:$+%-A(78)7#*$%(7)$*)6(-*#)-##-+%7)
B
4$)#>*')$??)#6&7)7"7#(<)#6(*()-*()#=$)<(+6-'&7<7I)
36$*#)#(*<)&'-+#&;-#&$')
46()3NPW),6$7,6-#-7().$+%7)-#)#6()7-<()7&#()-7)#6()3404)#*-'7+*&,#&$')
?-+#$*8)-'.)&#7)-+#&;&#")&7)7#&<>:-#(.)9")#6()9&'.&'A)$?)3NO)#$)&#)
-
J#).(,6$7,6$*":-#(7)/01)%&'-7()#>*'&'A)$??)#6()7&A'-:&'A),-#6=-")
-
&K
S$'A)#(*<)*(A>:-#&$')
3X!3)C,*$.>+(.)-7)-)*(7,$'7()#$)6&A6)$F"A('):(;(:7D)-*()>7(.)#$)9&'.)#$)
,6$7,6$*":-#(.).$+%&'A)7&#(7);&-)-')3NO).$<-&'
-
3X!3)&7)-)5Y)>9&G>&#&'):&A-7()#6-#)#-*A(#7)/01)%&'-7()-'.).(A*-.(7)&#)
#6*$>A6),*$#(-7$<(
-
&&K
B
Z>#-#&$'7I)
3$<()5,$)*(+(,#$*7)6-;()76$*#(*).$+%&'A)7&#(7)=6&+6).(+*(-7()7('7&#&;&#")#$)#6()
'(A-#&;()*(A>:-#$*7)$?)#6()/0123404),-#6=-"8)<-%&'A)#6()VR!)+$>'#)'-#>*-::")
6&A6)
-
B
V(+(,#$*)#"*$7&'()%&'-7(EV41)-'.)V-7)
46&7)7"7#(<)&7)>7(.)#$)&'.>+()+(::).&??(*('#&-#&$'8)+(::) 7>*;&;-:8)$*)-,$,#$7&78)+(::).&;&7&$')
-'.),*$:&?(*-#&$')$*)+6-'A(7)&')+(::) <(#-9$:&7<)
B
N$*<$'(7)7>+6)-7)#6()'(*;()A*$=#6)?-+#$*8),:-#(:(#) .(*&;(.)A*$=#6)?-+#&$'8)(,&.(*<-:)
A*$=#6)?-+#$*)-'.)&'7>:&')-+#)#6*$>A6)#6&7),-#6=-")
B
3#(,7I)
V41)-+#&;-#&$')
V41)-+#&;-#&$')$++>*7)=6(')#6():&A-'.)9&'.7)-'.):(-.7)#$)#6().&<(*&M-#&$')
$?)#6()#*-'7<(<9*-'()*(+(,#$*7)#6*$>A6)#6(),*$+(77)$?)->#$2
,6$7,6$*":-#&$')
-
4"*$7&'()9(+$<(7)#6()#-*A(#)$?)%&'-7()-+#&;&#")
-
JK
0.-,#$*),*$#(&'7)9&'.),6$7,6$*":-#(.)#"*$7&'()
0.-,#$*),*$#(&'7 2,*$#(&'7)#6-#)+-**")#=$)$*)<$*(),*$#(&')&'#(*-+#&$')
.$<-&'7)#6-#)-::$=)#6(),*$#(&'7)#$)-+#)-7):&'%(*7)9(#=((')$#6(*),*$#(&'7
3+-??$:.),*$#(&'7 2,*$#(&'7)#6-#)6-;()<>:#&,:(),*$#(&'2,*$#(&')&'#(*-+#&$')
.$<-&'7)-'.)-77(<9:(),*$#(&'7)&')-')$*.(*(.)7(*&(7))
[VRO)&7)#6()-.-,#$*),*$#(&')#6-#)+$'#-&'7)$'()3NO).$<-&')-'.)O)3NY)
.$<-&'7
-
3NO)9&'.7)#$)#"*$7&'()-'.)3NY)9&'.7)#$),*$:&'(2*&+6).$<-&'78)7>+6)-7)3X3
-
JJK
[2,*$#(&'7)
V(+(,#$*)-+#&;-#&$'):(-.7)#$)#6()-+#&;-#&$')$?)-)[2,*$#(&')+-::(.)V-78)=6(')
9$>'.)#$)[4P)#6(),*$#(&')&7)-+#&;(8)=6(')9$>'.)#$)[LP)#6(),*$#(&')&7)
&'-+#&;()
-
J#)+$'#-&'7)[4P-7()#6-#)6".*$:"M(7)[4P),>##&'A)#6()[2,*$#(&')&')-')$??)
7#-#(
-
[LP)6-7)-);(*"):$=)-??&'&#")?$*)#6()'>+:($#&.(29&'.&'A),$+%(#)7$)[LP)=&::)
:(-;()
-
X#6(*)V-7)[2,*$#(&'7)-77&7#)&')#6()*(A>:-#&$')$?)[2,*$#(&')&'-+#&;-#&$')-'.)
-+#&;-#&$')
-
3X3)&7)-')(F-<,:()$?)-)[5U)#6-#)-+#&;-#(7)V-7)
-
\UW)&7)-')(F-<,:()$?)-)[0P)#6-#)&'-+#&;-#(7)V-78):$77)$?)?>'+#&$')<>#-#&$'7)
-*()-77$+&-#(.)=&#6)#><$*&A('(7&7)&')'(>*-:)7"7#(<7
-
JJJK
B
J')-')(F,(*&<('#)#$)7(()&?)V-7)?>'+#&$'7).$='7#*(-<)$?)V418)Y)$?)#6()-9$;()7+('-*&$7)
=(*()#(7#(.)-'.)&#)=-7).(#(*<&'(.)#6-#)V-7)?>'+#&$'7).$='7#*(-<)$?)V41)
B
Z>#-#&$'7I)0<$'A)#6()?-&:>*(7)&')[4P-7()-+#&;&#")-'.)[0P),*$#(&')&')V-78)+$'7#&#>#&;(:")
-+#&;()V41)&7):&'%(.)#$)9*(-7#)+-'+(*)
B
0+#&;-#&$')$?)V-7)*(:(-7(7)V-?)#6-#)&7)6(:.)&')-)W@2Y2Y)-.-,#$*),*$#(&'B
V-?)-+#&;-#&$')7>97(G>('#:")+->7(7)-)-+#&;-#&$')%&'-7()+-7+-.(8)&')=6&+6)-+#&;-#&$'):&,7)
C4W]Y)^)_W]QD))-*(),6$7,6$*":-#(.)8)=6&+6)&'.>+(7)-)+$'?$*<-#&$'-:)+6-'A(8)#6>7)
-+#&;-#&'A)J#)-::$=&'A)#6()9&'.&'A)$?)04P)-'.)#6()#-*A(#),*$#(&')-'.)#6()?&'-:)
,6$7,6$*":-#&$')$?)#6()#-*A(#),*$#(&'
B
`:#&<-#(:")#6()7&A'-:&'A),-#6=-")&7);(*")7('7&#&;()#$):$=)+$'+('#*-#&$'7)$?)6$*<$'(7)
#6-#)-*()7(+*(#(.)&'#$)#6()+&*+>:-#$*")7"7#(<)
B
Unlock document

This preview shows pages 1-3 of the document.
Unlock all 12 pages and 3 million more documents.

Already have an account? Log in
!"#$%&'()*(+(,#$*)-'.)/01)23404)
5*"#6*$+"#(78)*(.)9:$$.)+(::78)-*().(;(:$,(.)&')#6()9$'()<-**$=)-'.)+&*+>:-#()?$*)
-9$>#)@)<$'#67)&')#6()9$.")9(?$*()#6(")-*().&A(7#(.)-'.)*(+"+:(.)9")<-+*$,6-A()
B
46()7&A'-:)?$*)#6()<-#>*-#&$')$?)#6()(*"#6*$+"#(7)C#*-'7&#&$')?*$<),*$:&?(*-#&$')#$)
.&??(*('#&-#&$'D)&7)#6()+"#$%&'()+-::(.)(*"#6*$,$&(#&'E5,$)
B
5F,*(77&$')$?)5,$)&7)*(A>:-#(.)9")-')$F"A('29&'.&'A)#*-'7+*&,#&$')?-+#$*)&')%&.'(")+(::7)
B
5,$)&7)*(+(&;(.)9")5,$)*(+(,#$*7)-'.)#6(')-)7>97(G>('#)&'#*-+(::>:-*)7&A'-:)
#*-'7.>+#&$'),-#6=-"8)/0123404)8)&7)>7(.)#$)*(7,$'.)9")-)+6-'A()&')#6()#-*A(#)+(::H7)
9(6-;&$*))C#6()&'6&9&#&$')$?)-,$,#$7&7D
B
3#(,7I)
JK
L&<(*&M-#&$')$?)(-+6)5,$)*(+(,#$*7)*(7>:#7)&')#6()/01)%&'-7(7),6$7,6$*":-#&'A)
(-+6)$#6(*)&')-),*$+(77)%'$=')-7)->#$2,6$7,6$*":-#&$')
-
46(),6$7,6$*":-#(.)/01)%&'-7(7)#-*A(#)#"*$7&'()*(7&.>(7)$')#6()&'#*-+(::>:-*)
.$<-&')$?)#6()*(+(,#$*)
-
JJK
34048)=6&+6)6-7)-),*$#(&'2,*$#(&')&'#(*-+#&$').$<-&')+-::(.)3NO8)*(+$A'&M()
,6$7,6$*":-#(.)#"*$7&'(
-
3NO)9&'.7)#$)#"*$7&'()=&#6)-)6&A6)-??&'&#")=6(')&#)&7),6$7,6$*":-#(.8)'$#);(*")=(::)
&?)&#)&7),6$7,6$*":-#(.8)#6(*(?$*()#6(),*$+(77)&7)*(;(*7&9:())
-
P6$7,6$*":-#(.)3404)).&<(*7)+-')9()#*-'7,$*#(.)#6*$>A6)#6()'>+:(-*),$*()
+$<,:(F)&'#$)#6()'>+:(>7)
-
B
3404Q)&'+*(-7(7)#6()#*-'7+*&,#&$')$?)R+S2TS)=6&+6),*(;('#7)-,$,#$7&7)-'.)-::$=7)
.&??(*('#&-#&$')&'#$)(*"#6*$+"#(78)#6&7)&7)(;&.('#)?*$<)-')(F,(*&<('#)&')=6&+6)-)5,$)
*(+(,#$*)<>#-#&$')&')-)<$>7().&.'H#),*$.>+()*(.)9:$$.)+(::7)&')#6()?(#-:):&;(*
B
U-&:&'A)#$)#>*')$??)#6()7"7#(<)+$>:.)*(7>:#)&')-)6&A6)VR!)+$>'#8)*(7>:#&'A)&')-')&'+*(-7()
&');&7+$7&#")-'.):(-.&'A)#$)9:$+%-A(78)7#*$%(7)$*)6(-*#)-##-+%7)
B
4$)#>*')$??)#6&7)7"7#(<)#6(*()-*()#=$)<(+6-'&7<7I)
36$*#)#(*<)&'-+#&;-#&$')
46()3NPW),6$7,6-#-7().$+%7)-#)#6()7-<()7&#()-7)#6()3404)#*-'7+*&,#&$')
?-+#$*8)-'.)&#7)-+#&;&#")&7)7#&<>:-#(.)9")#6()9&'.&'A)$?)3NO)#$)&#)
-
J#).(,6$7,6$*":-#(7)/01)%&'-7()#>*'&'A)$??)#6()7&A'-:&'A),-#6=-")
-
&K
S$'A)#(*<)*(A>:-#&$')
3X!3)C,*$.>+(.)-7)-)*(7,$'7()#$)6&A6)$F"A('):(;(:7D)-*()>7(.)#$)9&'.)#$)
,6$7,6$*":-#(.).$+%&'A)7&#(7);&-)-')3NO).$<-&'
-
3X!3)&7)-)5Y)>9&G>&#&'):&A-7()#6-#)#-*A(#7)/01)%&'-7()-'.).(A*-.(7)&#)
#6*$>A6),*$#(-7$<(
-
&&K
B
Z>#-#&$'7I)
3$<()5,$)*(+(,#$*7)6-;()76$*#(*).$+%&'A)7&#(7)=6&+6).(+*(-7()7('7&#&;&#")#$)#6()
'(A-#&;()*(A>:-#$*7)$?)#6()/0123404),-#6=-"8)<-%&'A)#6()VR!)+$>'#)'-#>*-::")
6&A6)
-
B
V(+(,#$*)#"*$7&'()%&'-7(EV41)-'.)V-7)
46&7)7"7#(<)&7)>7(.)#$)&'.>+()+(::).&??(*('#&-#&$'8)+(::) 7>*;&;-:8)$*)-,$,#$7&78)+(::).&;&7&$')
-'.),*$:&?(*-#&$')$*)+6-'A(7)&')+(::) <(#-9$:&7<)
B
N$*<$'(7)7>+6)-7)#6()'(*;()A*$=#6)?-+#$*8),:-#(:(#) .(*&;(.)A*$=#6)?-+#&$'8)(,&.(*<-:)
A*$=#6)?-+#$*)-'.)&'7>:&')-+#)#6*$>A6)#6&7),-#6=-")
B
3#(,7I)
V41)-+#&;-#&$')
V41)-+#&;-#&$')$++>*7)=6(')#6():&A-'.)9&'.7)-'.):(-.7)#$)#6().&<(*&M-#&$')
$?)#6()#*-'7<(<9*-'()*(+(,#$*7)#6*$>A6)#6(),*$+(77)$?)->#$2
,6$7,6$*":-#&$')
-
4"*$7&'()9(+$<(7)#6()#-*A(#)$?)%&'-7()-+#&;&#")
-
JK
0.-,#$*),*$#(&'7)9&'.),6$7,6$*":-#(.)#"*$7&'()
0.-,#$*),*$#(&'7 2,*$#(&'7)#6-#)+-**")#=$)$*)<$*(),*$#(&')&'#(*-+#&$')
.$<-&'7)#6-#)-::$=)#6(),*$#(&'7)#$)-+#)-7):&'%(*7)9(#=((')$#6(*),*$#(&'7
3+-??$:.),*$#(&'7 2,*$#(&'7)#6-#)6-;()<>:#&,:(),*$#(&'2,*$#(&')&'#(*-+#&$')
.$<-&'7)-'.)-77(<9:(),*$#(&'7)&')-')$*.(*(.)7(*&(7))
[VRO)&7)#6()-.-,#$*),*$#(&')#6-#)+$'#-&'7)$'()3NO).$<-&')-'.)O)3NY)
.$<-&'7
-
3NO)9&'.7)#$)#"*$7&'()-'.)3NY)9&'.7)#$),*$:&'(2*&+6).$<-&'78)7>+6)-7)3X3
-
JJK
[2,*$#(&'7)
V(+(,#$*)-+#&;-#&$'):(-.7)#$)#6()-+#&;-#&$')$?)-)[2,*$#(&')+-::(.)V-78)=6(')
9$>'.)#$)[4P)#6(),*$#(&')&7)-+#&;(8)=6(')9$>'.)#$)[LP)#6(),*$#(&')&7)
&'-+#&;()
-
J#)+$'#-&'7)[4P-7()#6-#)6".*$:"M(7)[4P),>##&'A)#6()[2,*$#(&')&')-')$??)
7#-#(
-
[LP)6-7)-);(*"):$=)-??&'&#")?$*)#6()'>+:($#&.(29&'.&'A),$+%(#)7$)[LP)=&::)
:(-;()
-
X#6(*)V-7)[2,*$#(&'7)-77&7#)&')#6()*(A>:-#&$')$?)[2,*$#(&')&'-+#&;-#&$')-'.)
-+#&;-#&$')
-
3X3)&7)-')(F-<,:()$?)-)[5U)#6-#)-+#&;-#(7)V-7)
-
\UW)&7)-')(F-<,:()$?)-)[0P)#6-#)&'-+#&;-#(7)V-78):$77)$?)?>'+#&$')<>#-#&$'7)
-*()-77$+&-#(.)=&#6)#><$*&A('(7&7)&')'(>*-:)7"7#(<7
-
JJJK
B
J')-')(F,(*&<('#)#$)7(()&?)V-7)?>'+#&$'7).$='7#*(-<)$?)V418)Y)$?)#6()-9$;()7+('-*&$7)
=(*()#(7#(.)-'.)&#)=-7).(#(*<&'(.)#6-#)V-7)?>'+#&$'7).$='7#*(-<)$?)V41)
B
Z>#-#&$'7I)0<$'A)#6()?-&:>*(7)&')[4P-7()-+#&;&#")-'.)[0P),*$#(&')&')V-78)+$'7#&#>#&;(:")
-+#&;()V41)&7):&'%(.)#$)9*(-7#)+-'+(*)
B
0+#&;-#&$')$?)V-7)*(:(-7(7)V-?)#6-#)&7)6(:.)&')-)W@2Y2Y)-.-,#$*),*$#(&'B
V-?)-+#&;-#&$')7>97(G>('#:")+->7(7)-)-+#&;-#&$')%&'-7()+-7+-.(8)&')=6&+6)-+#&;-#&$'):&,7)
C4W]Y)^)_W]QD))-*(),6$7,6$*":-#(.)8)=6&+6)&'.>+(7)-)+$'?$*<-#&$'-:)+6-'A(8)#6>7)
-+#&;-#&'A)J#)-::$=&'A)#6()9&'.&'A)$?)04P)-'.)#6()#-*A(#),*$#(&')-'.)#6()?&'-:)
,6$7,6$*":-#&$')$?)#6()#-*A(#),*$#(&'
B
`:#&<-#(:")#6()7&A'-:&'A),-#6=-")&7);(*")7('7&#&;()#$):$=)+$'+('#*-#&$'7)$?)6$*<$'(7)
#6-#)-*()7(+*(#(.)&'#$)#6()+&*+>:-#$*")7"7#(<)
B
Module'6:'Lecture'2
Unlock document

This preview shows pages 1-3 of the document.
Unlock all 12 pages and 3 million more documents.

Already have an account? Log in
!"#$%&'()*(+(,#$*)-'.)/01)23404)
5*"#6*$+"#(78)*(.)9:$$.)+(::78)-*().(;(:$,(.)&')#6()9$'()<-**$=)-'.)+&*+>:-#()?$*)
-9$>#)@)<$'#67)&')#6()9$.")9(?$*()#6(")-*().&A(7#(.)-'.)*(+"+:(.)9")<-+*$,6-A()
B
46()7&A'-:)?$*)#6()<-#>*-#&$')$?)#6()(*"#6*$+"#(7)C#*-'7&#&$')?*$<),*$:&?(*-#&$')#$)
.&??(*('#&-#&$'D)&7)#6()+"#$%&'()+-::(.)(*"#6*$,$&(#&'E5,$)
B
5F,*(77&$')$?)5,$)&7)*(A>:-#(.)9")-')$F"A('29&'.&'A)#*-'7+*&,#&$')?-+#$*)&')%&.'(")+(::7)B
5,$)&7)*(+(&;(.)9")5,$)*(+(,#$*7)-'.)#6(')-)7>97(G>('#)&'#*-+(::>:-*)7&A'-:)
#*-'7.>+#&$'),-#6=-"8)/0123404)8)&7)>7(.)#$)*(7,$'.)9")-)+6-'A()&')#6()#-*A(#)+(::H7)
9(6-;&$*))C#6()&'6&9&#&$')$?)-,$,#$7&7D
B
3#(,7I)
JK
L&<(*&M-#&$')$?)(-+6)5,$)*(+(,#$*7)*(7>:#7)&')#6()/01)%&'-7(7),6$7,6$*":-#&'A)
(-+6)$#6(*)&')-),*$+(77)%'$=')-7)->#$2,6$7,6$*":-#&$')
-
46(),6$7,6$*":-#(.)/01)%&'-7(7)#-*A(#)#"*$7&'()*(7&.>(7)$')#6()&'#*-+(::>:-*)
.$<-&')$?)#6()*(+(,#$*)
-
JJK
34048)=6&+6)6-7)-),*$#(&'2,*$#(&')&'#(*-+#&$').$<-&')+-::(.)3NO8)*(+$A'&M()
,6$7,6$*":-#(.)#"*$7&'(
-
3NO)9&'.7)#$)#"*$7&'()=&#6)-)6&A6)-??&'&#")=6(')&#)&7),6$7,6$*":-#(.8)'$#);(*")=(::)
&?)&#)&7),6$7,6$*":-#(.8)#6(*(?$*()#6(),*$+(77)&7)*(;(*7&9:())
-
P6$7,6$*":-#(.)3404)).&<(*7)+-')9()#*-'7,$*#(.)#6*$>A6)#6()'>+:(-*),$*()
+$<,:(F)&'#$)#6()'>+:(>7)
-
B
3404Q)&'+*(-7(7)#6()#*-'7+*&,#&$')$?)R+S2TS)=6&+6),*(;('#7)-,$,#$7&7)-'.)-::$=7)
.&??(*('#&-#&$')&'#$)(*"#6*$+"#(78)#6&7)&7)(;&.('#)?*$<)-')(F,(*&<('#)&')=6&+6)-)5,$)
*(+(,#$*)<>#-#&$')&')-)<$>7().&.'H#),*$.>+()*(.)9:$$.)+(::7)&')#6()?(#-:):&;(*
B
U-&:&'A)#$)#>*')$??)#6()7"7#(<)+$>:.)*(7>:#)&')-)6&A6)VR!)+$>'#8)*(7>:#&'A)&')-')&'+*(-7()
&');&7+$7&#")-'.):(-.&'A)#$)9:$+%-A(78)7#*$%(7)$*)6(-*#)-##-+%7)
B
4$)#>*')$??)#6&7)7"7#(<)#6(*()-*()#=$)<(+6-'&7<7I)
36$*#)#(*<)&'-+#&;-#&$')
46()3NPW),6$7,6-#-7().$+%7)-#)#6()7-<()7&#()-7)#6()3404)#*-'7+*&,#&$')
?-+#$*8)-'.)&#7)-+#&;&#")&7)7#&<>:-#(.)9")#6()9&'.&'A)$?)3NO)#$)&#)
-
J#).(,6$7,6$*":-#(7)/01)%&'-7()#>*'&'A)$??)#6()7&A'-:&'A),-#6=-")
-
&K
S$'A)#(*<)*(A>:-#&$')
3X!3)C,*$.>+(.)-7)-)*(7,$'7()#$)6&A6)$F"A('):(;(:7D)-*()>7(.)#$)9&'.)#$)
,6$7,6$*":-#(.).$+%&'A)7&#(7);&-)-')3NO).$<-&'
-
3X!3)&7)-)5Y)>9&G>&#&'):&A-7()#6-#)#-*A(#7)/01)%&'-7()-'.).(A*-.(7)&#)
#6*$>A6),*$#(-7$<(
-
&&K
B
Z>#-#&$'7I)
3$<()5,$)*(+(,#$*7)6-;()76$*#(*).$+%&'A)7&#(7)=6&+6).(+*(-7()7('7&#&;&#")#$)#6()
'(A-#&;()*(A>:-#$*7)$?)#6()/0123404),-#6=-"8)<-%&'A)#6()VR!)+$>'#)'-#>*-::")
6&A6)
-
B
V(+(,#$*)#"*$7&'()%&'-7(EV41)-'.)V-7)
46&7)7"7#(<)&7)>7(.)#$)&'.>+()+(::).&??(*('#&-#&$'8)+(::) 7>*;&;-:8)$*)-,$,#$7&78)+(::).&;&7&$')
-'.),*$:&?(*-#&$')$*)+6-'A(7)&')+(::) <(#-9$:&7<)
B
N$*<$'(7)7>+6)-7)#6()'(*;()A*$=#6)?-+#$*8),:-#(:(#) .(*&;(.)A*$=#6)?-+#&$'8)(,&.(*<-:)
A*$=#6)?-+#$*)-'.)&'7>:&')-+#)#6*$>A6)#6&7),-#6=-")
B
3#(,7I)
V41)-+#&;-#&$')
V41)-+#&;-#&$')$++>*7)=6(')#6():&A-'.)9&'.7)-'.):(-.7)#$)#6().&<(*&M-#&$')
$?)#6()#*-'7<(<9*-'()*(+(,#$*7)#6*$>A6)#6(),*$+(77)$?)->#$2
,6$7,6$*":-#&$')
-
4"*$7&'()9(+$<(7)#6()#-*A(#)$?)%&'-7()-+#&;&#")
-
JK
0.-,#$*),*$#(&'7)9&'.),6$7,6$*":-#(.)#"*$7&'()
0.-,#$*),*$#(&'7 2,*$#(&'7)#6-#)+-**")#=$)$*)<$*(),*$#(&')&'#(*-+#&$')
.$<-&'7)#6-#)-::$=)#6(),*$#(&'7)#$)-+#)-7):&'%(*7)9(#=((')$#6(*),*$#(&'7
3+-??$:.),*$#(&'7 2,*$#(&'7)#6-#)6-;()<>:#&,:(),*$#(&'2,*$#(&')&'#(*-+#&$')
.$<-&'7)-'.)-77(<9:(),*$#(&'7)&')-')$*.(*(.)7(*&(7))
[VRO)&7)#6()-.-,#$*),*$#(&')#6-#)+$'#-&'7)$'()3NO).$<-&')-'.)O)3NY)
.$<-&'7
-
3NO)9&'.7)#$)#"*$7&'()-'.)3NY)9&'.7)#$),*$:&'(2*&+6).$<-&'78)7>+6)-7)3X3
-
JJK
[2,*$#(&'7)
V(+(,#$*)-+#&;-#&$'):(-.7)#$)#6()-+#&;-#&$')$?)-)[2,*$#(&')+-::(.)V-78)=6(')
9$>'.)#$)[4P)#6(),*$#(&')&7)-+#&;(8)=6(')9$>'.)#$)[LP)#6(),*$#(&')&7)
&'-+#&;()
-
J#)+$'#-&'7)[4P-7()#6-#)6".*$:"M(7)[4P),>##&'A)#6()[2,*$#(&')&')-')$??)
7#-#(
-
[LP)6-7)-);(*"):$=)-??&'&#")?$*)#6()'>+:($#&.(29&'.&'A),$+%(#)7$)[LP)=&::)
:(-;()
-
X#6(*)V-7)[2,*$#(&'7)-77&7#)&')#6()*(A>:-#&$')$?)[2,*$#(&')&'-+#&;-#&$')-'.)
-+#&;-#&$')
-
3X3)&7)-')(F-<,:()$?)-)[5U)#6-#)-+#&;-#(7)V-7)
-
\UW)&7)-')(F-<,:()$?)-)[0P)#6-#)&'-+#&;-#(7)V-78):$77)$?)?>'+#&$')<>#-#&$'7)
-*()-77$+&-#(.)=&#6)#><$*&A('(7&7)&')'(>*-:)7"7#(<7
-
JJJK
B
J')-')(F,(*&<('#)#$)7(()&?)V-7)?>'+#&$'7).$='7#*(-<)$?)V418)Y)$?)#6()-9$;()7+('-*&$7)
=(*()#(7#(.)-'.)&#)=-7).(#(*<&'(.)#6-#)V-7)?>'+#&$'7).$='7#*(-<)$?)V41)
B
Z>#-#&$'7I)0<$'A)#6()?-&:>*(7)&')[4P-7()-+#&;&#")-'.)[0P),*$#(&')&')V-78)+$'7#&#>#&;(:")
-+#&;()V41)&7):&'%(.)#$)9*(-7#)+-'+(*)
B
0+#&;-#&$')$?)V-7)*(:(-7(7)V-?)#6-#)&7)6(:.)&')-)W@2Y2Y)-.-,#$*),*$#(&'B
V-?)-+#&;-#&$')7>97(G>('#:")+->7(7)-)-+#&;-#&$')%&'-7()+-7+-.(8)&')=6&+6)-+#&;-#&$'):&,7)
C4W]Y)^)_W]QD))-*(),6$7,6$*":-#(.)8)=6&+6)&'.>+(7)-)+$'?$*<-#&$'-:)+6-'A(8)#6>7)
-+#&;-#&'A)J#)-::$=&'A)#6()9&'.&'A)$?)04P)-'.)#6()#-*A(#),*$#(&')-'.)#6()?&'-:)
,6$7,6$*":-#&$')$?)#6()#-*A(#),*$#(&'
B
`:#&<-#(:")#6()7&A'-:&'A),-#6=-")&7);(*")7('7&#&;()#$):$=)+$'+('#*-#&$'7)$?)6$*<$'(7)
#6-#)-*()7(+*(#(.)&'#$)#6()+&*+>:-#$*")7"7#(<)
B
Module'6:'Lecture'2
Unlock document

This preview shows pages 1-3 of the document.
Unlock all 12 pages and 3 million more documents.

Already have an account? Log in

Document Summary

Erythrocytes, red blood cells, are developed in the bone marrow and circulate for about 4 months in the body before they are digested and recycled by macrophage. The signal for the maturation of the erythrocytes (transition from proliferation to differentiation) is the cytokine called erythropoietin/epo. Expression of epo is regulated by an oxygen-binding transcription factor in kidney cells. Epo is received by epo receptors and then a subsequent intracellular signal transduction pathway, jak-stat , is used to respond by a change in the target cell"s behavior (the inhibition of apoptosis) Dimerization of each epo receptors results in the jak kinases phosphorylating each other in a process known as auto-phosphorylation. The phosphorylated jak kinases target tyrosine residues on the intracellular domain of the receptor. Stat, which has a protein-protein interaction domain called sh2, recognize phosphorylated tyrosine. Sh2 binds to tyrosine with a high affinity when it is phosphorylated, not very well if it is phosphorylated, therefore the process is reversible.

Get access

Grade+
$40 USD/m
Billed monthly
Grade+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
10 Verified Answers
Class+
$30 USD/m
Billed monthly
Class+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
7 Verified Answers

Related Documents

BIOLOGY 2B03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Guanine, Grb2, Gtpase
BIOLOGY 2B03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: G Protein–Coupled Receptor, Ubiquitin Ligase, Ptpn6
coralmuskrat418
BIOLOGY 2B03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Adipose Tissue, Signal Transduction, Guanine
byzantiumseal199

Related Questions

QUESTION 1

Which of the following is an example of an extracellular signal molecule?

a.

IP3
b.

cAMP
c.

Insulin
d.

Diacylglycerol

2 points

QUESTION 2

Nuclear hormone receptors _____

a.

Bind to water soluble ligands
b.

Activate second messengers
c.

Regulate transcription in response to ligand binding
d.

Are normally located on the plasma membrane

2 points

QUESTION 3

Which of the following does not occur when a receptor tyrosine kinase is bound by ligand?

a.

Phosphorylation of the RTK
b.

Cytoplasmic proteins bind the phosphorylated RTK
c.

Dimerization of the RTK
d.

The RTK binds to DNA to regulate transcription

2 points

QUESTION 4

Which of these is a logical signal-transduction pathway?

a.

An intracellular receptor activates phospholipase C, which cleaves a membrane protein to form IP3, which then activates the opening of an ER channel protein, which releases cyclic AMP into the cytoplasm, where it binds to an intracellular enzyme that carries out a response.
b.

A G-protein-linked receptor activates G protein, which activates phospholipase C, which cleaves a membrane lipid to form IP3, which binds to a calcium channel on the ER, which opens to release calcium ions into the cytoplasm, which bind to an intracellular enzyme that carries out a response.
c.

An ion-channel receptor opens, allowing a steroid hormone to enter the cell; the steroid hormone then activates protein kinases that convert GTP to GDP, which binds to an intracellular enzyme that carries out a response.
d.

A tyrosine-kinase receptor activates adenylyl cyclase, which activates phospholipase C, which converts ATP into cyclic AMP, which binds to an intracellular enzyme that carries out a response.

2 points

QUESTION 5

Which of the following is an example of signal amplification?

a.

activation of an enzyme molecule
b.

activation of a specific gene by a growth factor
c.

Breakdown of many cAMP molecules
d.

activation of 100 molecules by a single signal binding event

2 points

QUESTION 6

Consider a signal transduction pathway that utilizes cAMP as a second messenger to activate PKA (Protein Kinase A). Which of the following situations will result in the cellular response?

The G protein releases GDP and binds to GTP

The target protein (adenylyl cyclase) is inactive

The regulatory subunits of PKA (Protein Kinase A) are bound to the catalytic subunits

The appropriate G protein is bound to GDP

2 points

QUESTION 7

Which of the following is found in only some signal transduction pathways? [In other words, which is not found in all signal transduction pathways?]

Receptor protein

Extracellular signal molecule

Intracellular signaling molecule

Cellular response

Effector protein

2 points

QUESTION 8

The enzyme that specifically catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cAMP is:

Adenylyl phosphatase

Adenylyl kinase

Adenylyl dehydrogenase

Adenylyl cyclase

2 points

QUESTION 9

If an animal cell suddenly lost the ability to produce GTP, what might happen to its signaling system?

It would use ATP instead of GTP to activate and inactivate the G protein on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane.

It would not be able to activate and inactivate the G protein on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane.

It would employ a transduction pathway directly from an external messenger.

It would be able to carry out reception and transduction but would not be able to respond to a signal.

2 points

QUESTION 10

A hormone signal is sent from the brain to other parts of the body via the bloodstream. Why do only certain cells respond to this signal?

Hormones do not last long enough in the bloodstream to stimulate a cellular response

Only cells that have a specific transcription factor gene will be able to respond to the signal

Only cells in the immediate vicinity of the cell sending the signal will respond

Only cells that have a receptor for the specific signal will be able to respond to it