BIOLOGY 2B03 Lecture 9: (Module 9) Cyclin Dependent Kinases & E3 Ligases

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Bio2b03- module 9: cyclin dependent kinases & e3 ligases. G0: quiescent state where division does not occur. G1: first gap phase; cell actively growing, engaged in gene expression, & synthesis of new proteins. S phase: dna synthesis phase; occurs when cell ready to divide; at end, single chromosome contains two identical copies (i. e. replicated sister chromatids) M phase: replicated sister chromatids precisely separated to two daughter cells. Cell cycle highly regulated so that there is alteration between s-phase & m- phase (which must be coordinated with growth of cell) Cells exit the cell cycle & enter g0. Stem cells may proceed through g1, s, g2, & mitosis to ensure self-renewal & maintain stem cell population. Daughter cell may enter g0 before re-entering cell cycle. Cell begins process of differentiation to become specific type of cell (like a muscle cell, neuron, etc. ) Note: once differentiation occurs, cell can no longer perform cell division. M phase can be further divided into phases.

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