BIOLOGY 1M03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Daphne Major, Allele Frequency, Geospiza

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22 Sep 2015

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Bio1m03 lecture 6 evolution by natural selection (part 3) Case study 2: why are beak size, shape, and body size changing in galapagos. If beak depth is heritable than the alleles that are associated with beak depth were passed on. 24. 5 selection acts on individuals, but evolutionary change occurs in. Populations: natural selection acts on individuals, but evolutionary change occurs in the characteristics of a population. Individuals do not change when they are selected, they simply survive or produce surviving offspring more effectively than other individuals natural selection sorts variants rather than changing them. Acclimation: acclimation occurs when an individuals phenotype changes in response to changes in the environment, but an individuals genotype remains fixed, so the changes are not passed on to offspring, ex. When people go mountain climbing, their bodies adjust to the low oxygen levels however when thy come back down they readjust this cannot be inherited by offspring.

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18. The longest field study in evolutionary biology (35 years) is being conducted on Darwin's finches by Rosemary and Peter Grant (Princeton University) on the Galapagos Island of Daphne Major. The study has provided compelling evidence for which of the following? a. Convergent evolution of beak morphology b. Speciation resulting from geographical isolation c. Natural selection in the wild d. Sexual selection on adaptive traits

creating 2 multiple choice questions, based on that material i provided . 2 multiple choice questions per informations, with a brief description on what the answer and why is the answer is correct and why you think they are good questions.

1. Any examination of the study of natural selection in the wild has to begin with Peter and Rosemary Grant, because they were the first scientists to make rigorous long-term measurements of the phenomenon. (Zimmer 232) .. Ground finches on Daphne Major differ in the thickness of their bills, and this variation causes some individuals to be more efficient at processing hard seeds(Zimmer 233). big-beaked birds tend to produce chicks with big beaks, and small-beaked birds tend to produce chicks with small beaks. With such high heritability, we can use the breederâs equation (R = h² Ã S) to find that the average beak size on Daphne Major has the potential to evolve rapidly in response to natural selection.(Zimmer 233)

Zimmer, Carl. Evolution, 2nd Edition. W.H. Freeman & Company, 20170411. VitalBook file.

The citation provided is a guideline. Please check each citation for accuracy before use.

2. question that go with the more recent estimate for how many species of finches there are.watch Making of the Fittest: Evolution of the Stickleback Fish (HHMI Interactive).

23.

Peter and Rosemary Grantâs research on Darwinâs finches demonstrated that dry years on the Galapagos Island Daphne Major favored deep beaks in the medium ground finch (Geospiza fortis) and that very wet years favored narrow beaks. In years that were neither wet nor dry (intermediate years), many different types of foods were available, and birds with intermediate beak sizes were favored. Immediately following an intermediate year, average beak size in G. fortis is expected to be

A) narrower than after a wet year and wider than after a dry year.

B) wider than after a wet year and narrower than after a dry year.

C) the same as after a wet year and wider than after a dry year.

D) the same as after a dry year and narrower than after a wet year.

13.

Select the evidence that would support the hypothesis that peppered moths and industrial melanism are an example of evolution by natural selection. Check all that apply.

A) Different color morphs exist naturally in the peppered moth population.

B) The genetic basis of melanism in peppered moths is unknown.

C) Dark moths are recaptured more in polluted areas than light moths.

D) Birds looking for food often miss moths that are the same color as the mothâs background.

Check all of the statements that are supported by studies of artificial selection.

A) Artificial selection shows that evolutionary change can occur over a short time.

B) Artificial selection shows that natural selection is capable of producing major evolutionary change.

C) Artificial selection occurs when humans selectively breed individuals of a species with desirable traits.

D) Artificial selection results only in minor changes within a species.

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BIOLOGY 1M03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Daphne Major, Allele Frequency, Geospiza

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