BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Rho Factor, Transcription Bubble, Stem-Loop

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BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes

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Process of dna transcription mrna translation (nucleotide amino acids proteins) Dna has a template strand and a non-template strand. Sequence of the mrna is the same as that of the non-template strand except for the uracil replaces thymine. Rna polymerase attaches to specific promoter regions of dna. Promoter regions (start of the specific gene) indicate the transcriptional starting point where. 10 region consensus sequence tataat is positioned -10 nucleotides upstream. 35 region additional sequence ttgcca -35 nucleotides up stream of the transcription start site, can enhance the rate of transcription and are proteins called sigma factors which directly recognize and bind the promoter region. Rna polymerase core enzyme binds to a sigma subunit to create a holoenzyme that is capable of binding to and unwinding the double-stranded. Different sigma factors are able to identify specific promoters to the rna polymerase, and therefore assist with turning genes on and off when needed. Biology 1a03 theme 2 module 1 and 2.

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Order the following choices to examine the process of transcription.

- RNA polymerase moves along the template strand of DNA adding complementary RNA nucleotides, extending the mRNA.

-RNA polymerase binds at the promoter region just upstream from the gene.

-RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA at the promoter site and begins to transcribe the template strand of DNA.

-Transcription continues until a termination site in the DNA is reached.

-The mRNA transcript is released.

The promoter region of a gene has undergone an inversion such that the 3â² end of the initiation site is upstream of the rest of the promoter sequence. This will affect the transcription of this gene in all the following ways except

a. the determination of the coding strand.

b. the orientation of the RNA polymerase.

c. the binding of RNA polymerase to the initiation site.

d. the separation of the double-stranded DNA.

e. the nucleotide with which transcription begins.

Which type of RNA is unique to eukaryotes?

		mRNA
		rRNA
		tRNA
		snRNA
		Its a trick, all cells have all four types of RNA.

1 points

QUESTION 2

The region of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription is the:

		origin
		promoter
		enhancer
		none of the above are correct

1 points

QUESTION 3

Holoenzyme:

		is RNA polymerase core enzyme.
		is sigma factor.
		is core plus sigma factor.
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 4

Which of these is formed FIRST when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter?

		The closed promoter complex
		The open promoter complex
		A rho-independent terminator
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 5

A hairpin loop followed by a run of Us:

		is the sequence formed in the sense strand of a gene using a rho-independent terminator.
		is the sequence recognized by the rho protein.
		is the structure formed in RNA that causes rho-independent termination.
		is formed immediately after the open promoter complex is formed.

1 points

QUESTION 6

RNA polymerase:

		reads the template strand of the DNA in the 3' to 5' direction.
		synthesizes the RNA in the 5' to 3' direction.
		can begin transcription without a primer.
		all of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 7

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

		Bacteria like E. coli have only one type of sigma factor.
		RNA polymerase has no proofreading activity.
		The promoter of a gene is upstream of the RNA-coding region.
		Bacterial transcriptional terminators are copied into RNA to cause termination.

1 points

QUESTION 8

If the template strand of a gene has the sequence 5' ATGCGAT 3', then:

		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUGCGAU 3'.
		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' UAGCGUA 3'.
		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUCGCAU 3'.
		None of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 9

The sense strand:

		is the lagging strand
		is also the template strand.
		always goes left to right.
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 10

Which of these is transcribed but not translated?

		mRNA
		tRNA
		rRNA
		all of the above
		tRNA and rRNA are transcribed but not translated.

please help i am a bit confused

BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Rho Factor, Transcription Bubble, Stem-Loop

BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes

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