BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Skeletal Muscle, Exon, Cell Membrane

• School: McMaster University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOLOGY 1A03
• Professor: Ben J Evans

Document Summary

Reading, interpreting and processing a message: eukaryotes: segregate genetic info inside the double membrane nuclear envelope. Transcription of dna to rna (+ rna processing) occurs within the nucleus. Double membrane is continuous, and presumably evolved from the membranous network of the single-membrane er. Compartmentalization allows for a more intricate control in the regulation of cellular processes: following transcription from protein coding genes, mrnas are prepared for translation. Mature mrnas are then exported out of nucleus and into cytosol where ribosomes (free/bound) facilitate translation into polypeptides. Cascade of events from reading of dna blueprint to final processing of translation is essential to the production of functional proteins. Alternative splicing and post-translational modifications further contribute to the complexity of the proteome; composition changes due to many factors. Cells are able to detect environmental changes that serve as stimuli: stimuli will elicit responses when received by sensors, eg. Following meal of high blood glucose (stimulus), regulation occurs; sensory responses in beta.