ANTHROP 4F03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Processual Archaeology, Multilinear Map, Resource Distribution
22 Apr 2018
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Document Summary
Core material that bounces off the ideas of karl marx. Base, structure and superstructure: top is the superstructure ideology, middle is the structure political elements, bottom is economics and economic relations (materialistic base) Economic relations e. g. movement of material objects. Political relations e. g. access and control to materials (who, why, how, restrict?) Diffusionism the theory or principle that diffusion is the main force in cultural innovation and change. Durkheim approach(s): functionalism, more competitive between societies, establish core similarities before differences, downsides: templates, grading/rating societies or their aspects, essentialism, and racism, upsides: recognizing universal patterns. Boaz approach(s): reaction to durkheim type of approaches, upsides: no templates, no ranking system, non-comparative (looking at cultures on their own terms, downsides: can"t take moral approach; can"t understand diversity/range/change. Both are missing transformation over time: e. g. why and how cultures change over time. One point of origin vs. multiple points. Basic metaphor/core modelling strategy: a human body/ organism and different functioning parts.
