ANTHROP 3FA3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Genetic Testing, Postcrania, Supraorbital Ridge
5 Nov 2014
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Document Summary
Establishing a biological profile: ancestry, sex, age, stature, 1st step in identification, guides investigation. Be cautious: results may be ambiguous. Sex estimation: sex, biological characteristic, gender, social identity". Sex differences: hormonally controlled, evident in adults, not in children, sex hormones increase at puberty, leading to secondary sex characteristics, varies within a population and varies between populations. Primary sex characteristics: reproductive organs (internal and external) Secondary sex characteristics: not directly part of reproductive system. In humans, develop around puberty: examples: female breasts, male facial hair. Skull and pelvis (most reliable indicators: generally considered best for sex attribution, functional differences associated with females = pregnancy/childbirth, accuracy ~95, combined skull & pelvis ~98% Sciatic notch: wider; broader and shallower in females, narrow in males, 1= f, 2-4 = m, 5=m, not very good as a single indicator of sex = hard to distinguish between 2, 3, and 4. Subpubic angle (where left and right pubis meet in front)
