ANTHROP 2U03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Shitala, Monkeypox, Herd Immunity
6 Dec 2017
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Week 6 ( oct 16 midterm, oct 18) Smallpox (cid:862) (cid:373)allpo(cid:454)(cid:863) tra(cid:272)ed to (cid:1005)5(cid:1005)8; (cid:373)ea(cid:374)s s(cid:373)all po(cid:272)ks. Fro(cid:373) a(cid:374)glo a(cid:454)o(cid:374) (cid:862)po(cid:272)(cid:272)a(cid:863) (cid:373)ea(cid:374)i(cid:374)g po(cid:272)ket or pou(cid:272)h. Large family of dsdna viruses composed of multiple genera with genomes of 130-150 kb in length. There are two subfamilies: entomopoxviridae that infects insects, and chordopoxviridae that infect vertebraes. Foure genera infect humans orthopox, parapox, yatapox, and molluscipox. The genus orthopox is the most important as it contains vaccinia virus (the prototype poxvirus, cowpox virus. A classic crowd disease: needs a very large population to persist. Variola major (severe) and variola minor (mild) End of incubation period virus shower. Highly contagious: 5 10 secondary infections from one infected person. Initial variola major epidemic 20 40% case fatality rate. Case fatality rate: proportion of individuals contracted a disease who subsequently die from it. Subsequent epidemics have lower case fatality (cid:862)(cid:272)hildhood disease(cid:863) Associated with irrigation agricultural societies, perhaps 10,000 years ago.
