ANTHROP 1AA3 Lecture 14: Food lecture 14
20 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Groups of foragers roamed the earth: small groups of up to 75 people, nomadic- oppurtunistic consumer, no long term, permanent villages or shelters, fairly egalitarian/little con ict as no distinctions in status, started to develop art- pictograph, petroglyph. Beginning. : approx 17000-10000 ya, extinction of many large game species (megafauna, shift to collecting/gathering, less nomadic populations. The natu ans: sites show earliest evidence for slow transition to agriculture, 11000 ya in area that is now israel and jordan, called fertile crescent, site of eynan is israel- evidence for increased sedentary behaviour. Carmel (near east: ~11500 ya, tool kits for harvesting & grinding, intensive use of wild cereals, sites- more permanent, increased social complexity, high status burials: more elaborate, clay masks- shells from miles away. Resources - easily stored: pistachio, barely, almond, acorn, emmer. Origins of agriculture not a singular event that spread around the globe, rather there were multiple independent centres of innovation .
