SOCI 254 Lecture 14: 3-7-2017 Countermovements-Environment
8 May 2017
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Those who challenge the globalization project because they have been adversely impacted. Karl polanyi characterized market society as a double movement, changing society in one direction but being challenged in another direction by negatively impacted stakeholders. While elites instituted markets to rule over society countermovements by commoners sought social control. Marx thought these countermovements, specifically proletariat revolution, would replace the market movement. Marx claimed that all history is class struggle. Substantive critiques of epistemic foundations of development include environmentalism, feminism, and food sovereignty movements. Two approaches to environment: anthropocentric or human centered or biocentric-life centered. Anthropocentric focuses on the negative effects environmental degradation causes for human beings. Consider moral obligations humans have to the environment to derive from obligations humans have to eachother rather than an obligation to the environment as a whole. Critics argue that this is a western view of nature as merely a resource to be managed or exploited for human purposes.
