SOCI 210 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Hidden Curriculum, Differential Association, Social Capital
6 Nov 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Education - part 3
Education and social class
Strongest predictor of university or college degree, and where we end
up after that
•
70% of children from high income families go on to get a university
degree
•
21% of children from low income families go on to get a university
degree
•
Differential expectation
Different values and ambitions when it comes to education
○
•
Differential association
Presence or absence of role models in social circles that have
achieved degrees, that can help them navigate through the
institution
○
•
Differential preparation
Families with more money can help their children by providing
more resources
○
•
Streaming
Practice of placing children in programs with other children at
their same skill level
○
Within school buildings or separating them off into different
buildings
○
•
Self-fulfilling prophecy
•
Students from high SES are more likely to be selected into high-
achieving streams
•
Education and forms of capital
Curriculum
Planned interaction …
○
•
Hidden curriculum
Not considered part of the program
○
Very important role in shaping children
○
Khan 2011
Shaping educational outcomes
§
Social capital Collective values of…
Not the connection itself but rather resources you
derive from the people you know
□
Achieved by classes and social activities/extra
curricular groups
□
§
Cultural
capital
Non-economical aspects that define social
mobility
Demonstrates the taste or particular behaviours in
institutional environment
□
Intangible resource that affects behaviours□
"privilege" (3 lessons)
Big steps toward diversity and simultaneous
widening or socioeconomic gap
®
In focusing on racial inequality, we lost track of
social class
®
We need to look at the wealthy and institutions
that serve the wealthy
®
The elite schools produce "meritorious" traits
(cultural tools that they need to inhabit cultural
®
Gives them privilege
®
Lesson 1: hierarchies are natural and negotiable
®
Lesson 2: experiences matter
Turning advantages to achievements that
you can put on your resume
◊
®
Lesson 3: privilege is a sense of how to carry
oneself
®
Benefits children of the elite
Elite has to show society that they
deserve it
◊
Go to elite schools, get a good job; earn
your wealth
◊
Otherwise, creates anxiety in elite groups
◊
®
□
§
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•
Deviance - part 1
Deviance vs. crime
Deviance Any transgression of socially established norms (Conley,
2015, p. 187)
Informal/minor deviance
Won't get in trouble but people around will give you the
feeling that you've done something wrong
§
○
•
Crime The violation of laws enacted by society (Conley, 2015, p.187)
Formal deviance
○
•
Deviance/crime are social constructs that vary across contexts and time
Contexts: killing someone
Soldier goes off to war and kills someone, not considered a
deviant act; they are considered a hero
§
Soldier comes home and kills partner, considered a deviant
act and a crime; they go to jail
§
○
Time: homosexual acts
Used to be considered a criminal act
§
Just because something is no longer considered a crime or
deviant, doesn’t this is applicable with everyone
§
○
•
Explanations of deviance
Structural functionalism (Durkheim)
Four basic functions
Deviant acts defines and sustains morality in society
Defines society by what it is not□
Sense of togetherness□
1.
Deviant acts evoke sanctions which teach people what is
right and wrong
Actively teaches people to adhere to what is socially
acceptable
□
2.
Deviant acts gives society the opportunity to unit and a feel
or solidarity
Social cohesion□
3.
Deviant acts can encourage social change
See a violation of norms, question the validity of
those norms
□
Rosa Parks who refused to sit in the 'coloured section'
of the bus, and stayed seated in the 'white section' of
the bus
□
4.
○
Day time talk shows illustrate Durkheim's four principles: Dr. Phil
Creating a sense of unity and solidarity
we are all apart of this audience on Dr. Phil's side□
§
Defining and sustaining morality
Morally speaking, monogamy is the only acceptable
way of being in a romantic relationship
□
§
Teaching of right and wrong
Dr. Phil schooling the guy□
§
○
•
Lecture 20
Tuesday, November 14, 2017
10:05 AM
Document Summary
Strongest predictor of university or college degree, and where we end up after that. 70% of children from high income families go on to get a university degree. 21% of children from low income families go on to get a university degree. Different values and ambitions when it comes to education. Presence or absence of role models in social circles that have achieved degrees, that can help them navigate through the institution. Families with more money can help their children by providing more resources. Practice of placing children in programs with other children at their same skill level. Within school buildings or separating them off into different buildings. Students from high ses are more likely to be selected into high- achieving streams. Not the connection itself but rather resources you derive from the people you know. Achieved by classes and social activities/extra curricular groups. Demonstrates the taste or particular behaviours in institutional environment.
