PSYC 302 Lecture 2: Pain Treatment and Pain Research
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2: opiates, codeine, oxycodone, morphine, methadone, oxymorphone, fentanyl, routes of drug administration, s. c. : into the skin. : through the skin and into the muscle. : into the vein: transdermal: put something on the surface of the skin, patches. 3: opiate side effects, over-the-counter (otc analgesics, don"t need a prescription to get, aspirin. Ibuprofen: the who analgesic ladder for cancer pain, cancer pain is something that occurs with very high frequency. In many parts of the world, they aren"t treating cancer pain. If pain occurs, there should be prompt oral administration of drugs in the following order: non-opioids (aspirin and paracetamol); then, as necessary, mild opioids (codeine); then strong opioids such as morphine, until the patient is free of pain. To calm fears and anxiety, additional drugs adjuvants should be used. To maintain freedom from pain, drugs should be given by the clock , that is every 3-6 hours, rather than on demand .