HIST 219 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Samson Raphael Hirsch, 613 Commandments, Zecharias Frankel
Document Summary
Rise of the romantic movement popularizes ethnic nationalism. Riots actually start @ uni--upper-class intellectuals joining anti-jewish violence. Composition of jewish community changing, becoming less poor. Begins in the 1840"s, but has origins earlier. Reform rabbis also hold german uni phd"s--couldn"t get jobs at unis so went to synagogues to get audiences. The essence of judaism--idea that spirit (not any particular ritual) that binds jews together. The meaning of exile--jews exiled so they could b/come exemplary/moral citizens. Liturgy--eliminate references to zion/messiah, introduction of prayers in german. Oranienburgstrasse synagogue, berlin (1859), has muslim aesthetic characteristics, exotification to attract non-jews. Says that jewish law (halakha) is more important than essence of judaism. Says divine rev is not progressive--can"t crit/change torah laws. Judaism develops w/in hist--hist itself is sacred. The new is forbidden in the torah . Simply hav to obey word of god. Obliterating diff btwn levels of relig law. Rabbis hav right to superview daily activity of congregants.
