HIST 214 Lecture 5: notes - history
3 May 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
The Renaissance State
MAP: shows after Luther to Peace of Augsburg 1555 (prince can decide the religion of territory they’re
in)
- Diff. states in Europe identify themselves w/ Protestants
- Map = can draw where are Catholics and where are the protestants (+distinguish btw Luther and
Calvin)
- Scotland- Calvinist
- ~ England - Calvinist
- Lutheran or Calvinist
- France- Calvinist
- Dutch – Calvinist
Territorial map of Europe is connected to religious ideologies which are becoming state and nation
ideologies
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The Renaissance State and Its Problem
- Middle Ages –seeing balance btw. Noble elites with power in their own states and Royal states
- Kings always trying to distinguish from ‘emself from nobility by proclaiming ‘em self to be divine’
god – sovereignty claims – no one above them
- Medieval: pope/ god above ‘em
- Early modern period –saying no one’s above ‘em.
• Tension btw. Local rulers and monarchy
- From middle ages, the local rulers have created representative bodies (represent elite)
- Monarchs desire to restrict this
- 16th century: more power to monarchy??
• Dynastic: term is going to be used to see how states are connected to family dynamics to royal families
- Patron client relationship important
- Family patron client relationship explains a lot – from poorest to richest
- Upper level = wealthy – families around which politics are structures
- Ruling family trying to make sure they maintain power
• (Reading Elliott
- Europe shifts towards – get large federally connected super-states (diff states connected under
one family one ruler controls several kingdoms and decides whether to respect laws w/in ‘em
OR merge political systems)
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find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
State
- Dynastic issue- state personally connected to monarch
- The very idea of state doesn’t exist modern sentence no distinction btw princes and state (b/c
same word )
- End of 16th cent : state independent from ruler (can see distinction not price/ ruler/ or ppl)
Dynasticism
- Family – clearly connected to politics
- Legitimate succession for the ruler goes through family lines according to law (England can have
Queen but in France you can’t- Female line is skipped over)
- + marriages btw. Royal families is important
- Succession crisis – no heir (and political upheaval happen cause of ‘em)
- If the heir is only child then a family member will become regent (then, nobles revolt cause
use this as opportunity b/c king is child/weak improve own position by pushing for the claim
their family has – land or title)
- Leads to civil war
- Attacking the regents by saying their bad councillors attack ‘em and say saving king
- One of the main reason political changes
Causes of a crisis:
- Difference btwn. This period and earlier == that reformation brings this kind of confessiolisation
into play after the early phase of reformation has to come to an end – everyone is recognising
there’s going to be protestant states
- Protestants states don’t want to follow emperor
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The Reformation and Sovereignty:
- Henry 8th
- England the main point at which reformation gets enacted in law is early 1530s and then diff.
monarchs after
• Act in Restraint of Appeals
- (references historical sources)
- Idea that there’s nothing between king and god (i.e. instead of there being pope and emperor)
- Henry 8th saying that ppl are obedient to god , but then to me
• Monarchs there’s nothing btwn Monarch and God :. Monarch is supreme
• merging of nation state with the religious state with region of royal family
• Protestantism plays role in the development of the discourse of the nation state in those places that
Protestantism is the option
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
• Catholicism plays role in dev.
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Charles V
- Holy roman Emperor during early 16th century
- Figure who plays role in Reformation chooses to remain Catholic and stay w/ pope
- Grandson of Spanish Monarch
- Born in low countries in Ghent (Netherlands) b/c of nature of his family tree, he inherits and
unites Spanish, Burgundian and Austrian Habsburg lines
- Becomes Duke, King of Spain, inherits places from Austrian side
- Then becomes Holy Roman Emperor – 1519 (rules over large territory )
- Not like Roman Empire king of different places :. Like wearing different crowns (composite
monarchy)
The Duchy of burgundy
- Move from middle Franks becomes
- Territory btwn. France and Germany
- Always allegiance to empire
- 1477- Burgundy gets divided
- Duchy becomes absorbed in France
- 1506 Charles V gets Burgundy
- After his death how empire will get divided btwn. his heirs
Charles • decides he wants to become monk at end of life (i.e. before in Earnhardt)
- Division of Empire – Austrian and Spanish
- 1556 Burgundian Netherlands now owned by Spain
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• Composite Monarchies
- Union of crowns btwn England and Scotland (Elizabeth = no heir :. King of Scotland gets both
places b/c of family tree)
- 1603 – 1706 monarch of both England and Scotland separate kingdoms and diff laws
- (i.e.: Elizabeth queen of England and Canada)
- Also same w/ Spain and Portugal
- - tension btw. Local institution and elites vs the lord
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Map: shows after luther to peace of augsburg 1555 (prince can decide the religion of territory they"re in) Diff. states in europe identify themselves w/ protestants. Map = can draw where are catholics and where are the protestants (+distinguish btw luther and. Territorial map of europe is connected to religious ideologies which are becoming state and nation ideologies. Noble elites with power in their own states and royal states. Kings always trying to distinguish from emself from nobility by proclaiming em self to be divine" god sovereignty claims no one above them. Early modern period saying no one"s above em: tension btw. From middle ages, the local rulers have created representative bodies (represent elite) 16th century: more power to monarchy: dynastic: term is going to be used to see how states are connected to family dynamics to royal families. Family patron client relationship explains a lot from poorest to richest. Upper level = wealthy families around which politics are structures.
