GEOG 210 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Copra, Megacity
Document Summary
People becoming grouped in increasingly large settlements, allowing a division of labour and increasing specialization in producing goods and services. (o"connor, 1983: 12: division of labour larger and larger settlements. Economic and social affairs: fewer than 500,000, 500,000 - 1 million, 1 million 5 million, 5 million 10 million, 10 million , but these are super arbitrary. Indigenous urban settlements developed without outside colonial influences: organic, from the people themselves, not people coming in from the outside (p. 440 in reading) Latin america: maya urban areas: tikal in guatemala, mexico city, tenochtitlan 1325. Africa: yoruba civilization, 1100 ad nigeria, nile valley. Asia: largest number of pre-colonial indigenous urban settlements: middle east, pakistan, india, china, japan. 2 basic elements of urbanized society existed before external contact: 1. Surplus created from agriculture to feed non-rural, non- agricultural population: 2. Emergence of an hierarchical society: aristocracy military masses artisans peasants, ex. Egypt: also common though, sophisticated agricultural systems, esp. for rice cultivation.
