ENVB 437 Lecture 23: Eukaryotic cells and viruses – lecture 23 (April 9th 2018)
4 Jun 2018
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Eukaryotic cells and viruses – lecture 21 (April 9th, 2018)
Slide 8
- It had been previously observed that viruses were causing the immune deficiencies in monkeys
Slide 9
- It is unexplained why all the epidemic HIV groups merged simultaneously
Slide 10
- The number of cases were increasing where people were showing these symptoms, and deaths were paralleling
o With the development of more effective anti-retroviral treatments the cases and deaths of AIDS
decreased
- The number of cases of HIV continued to increase although the number of individuals with AIDS continued to
decline
- The number of infected in also in decline currently in many kplaces of the world
Slide 11
- About 58 years since 1st confirmed case
o 40 million infected globally
▪ 33% < 24 years of age
o Was fourth most common cause of death worldwide but declining
o Most of the world does not have access to anti-retrovirals (HIV drugs) -$$$
Slide 12
- Patents encourage R&D, innovation.
- Pharma says average cost of developing successful drug is $500,000,000.
o They would like payback from that
- This overstates true R&D costs and ignores public investment in research.
- Cost of AIDS cocktail in US: $2,100/month (lifetime cost about 619 k)
- African health-care budgets: $6/yr/person
Slide 13
- You don’t start taking these if you are HIV+
o Medication would be for life (once CD4 count is below threshold value: normal range 600-1200
cells/uL; treatment begins when < 350)
▪ Stays high for 8-10 years before the immune cells start getting repressed severely
• There are side effects and reactions
o The biggest problem is sticking to the routine and if you have to take multiple
tablets per day
o If you don’t stick to the routine you select for the stronger virus particles
Slide 14
- Pharmacy checker.com “best price” about $46/100 mg Retrovir AZT but variable i.e. brand name vs generic
(2012) vs “wholesale” 37 cents
Slide 16
- Death from AIDS had plateaued and was in decline in central Europe
Slide 17
- The greater majority are in sub-suharan Africa
Slide 18
- The # of individuals suffering with AIDS related disease declined for males and females
Slide 21
- Shown in terms of the life expectancy
o In decline in many African nations
Slide 24
- HIV doesn’t hurt you – it predisposes you to other things that are opportunistic pathogens
o Depending on what you get, those are the symptoms that you are going to display
- Chicken pox:
o Common virus with AIDS cases
▪ Many of us have had chicken pox as a child and shingles – in 50s-60s can cause you to get
skin lesions
Document Summary
Eukaryotic cells and viruses lecture 21 (april 9th, 2018) It had been previously observed that viruses were causing the immune deficiencies in monkeys. It is unexplained why all the epidemic hiv groups merged simultaneously. The number of cases were increasing where people were showing these symptoms, and deaths were paralleling: with the development of more effective anti-retroviral treatments the cases and deaths of aids decreased. The number of cases of hiv continued to increase although the number of individuals with aids continued to decline. The number of infected in also in decline currently in many kplaces of the world. Pharma says average cost of developing successful drug is ,000,000: they would like payback from that. This overstates true r&d costs and ignores public investment in research. Cost of aids cocktail in us: ,100/month (lifetime cost about 619 k) If you don"t stick to the routine you select for the stronger virus particles.
