BIOC 311 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Energy Economics, Mitochondrion, Negative Energy
5 Sep 2016
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Study of how food is transformed to obtain energy. Energy balance: negative energy balance - energy expenditure is greater. Can lead to weight loss initially, then anorexia, cachexia and ultimately death over time: positive energy balance - energy intake greater. Initially weight gain, then lead to obesity, type 2 diabetes and ultimately death: obesity defined by bmi >/= 30. From 1985 mostly under 15%(~10%) to 2010 from 20-30+% in us: expenditure mostly spend on smr (standard metabolic rate), other include activities, exercise. Metabolic pathways a series of consecutive enzymatic reactions that produce specific products. Metabolites include reactants, intermediates and products of pathways. Metabolism divided into blocks, focus on how blocks connect with one another: know individual steps isn"t important, just know basic principles (regulation and directionality) to be able to hypothesize what would happen in different conditions. Metabolism = catabolism + anabolism: catabolic metabolism - goal to gain atp, maintained by directionality that is ensured by specific enzymes in pathway.
