BIOC 311 Lecture Notes - Lecture 86: Threonine, Gluconeogenesis, Catabolism
21 Nov 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Energy cost = synthesis of 1 urea need hydrolysis of 4 pi high-energy phosphate groups & 3 atp. Urea + 2 adp 3-+ 4 pi 2- + amp 2- + 2h+ 1- cps1 = for 2 atp = 2 bond hydrolized so 2x pi. 2- ass = for 1 atp = 1 ppi pyrophosphatase 2x pi. When oxaloacetate made from fumerate/malate also make nadh & can be used as energy. Got1 = aspartate transaminase in cytoplasm: got2 = aspartate transaminase only in mitochondria. *transfer glutamate"s amino group to oxaloacetate for aspartate & aspartate transported out: got1 = aspartate transaminase only in cytoplasm. Aspartate- nh3 + -ketoglutarate got1 aspartate transaminase glutamate + oxaloacetate. Urea cycle enzyme regulation: gdh, cps1/nag/nags, otc, ass, arginosuccinase, arginase. 1- short term regulation = enzymatic activities - tightly regulated: gdh = regulated by cellular energy level. Increase (cid:894)+(cid:895) gdh activity: cps1= requires allosteric activator nag to be activated. Nagsynthase regulated by (+) arginine from argino-succinase in.
