CHEM 120 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Calorie, Exothermic Process, Chemical Potential

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CHEM 120 Full Course Notes

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Chem 120 lecture 6 thermodynamics and characteristics of heat. Zeroth law of thermodynamics: if 2 systems, a and b, are separate in thermal equilibrium with a third system, Heat capacity: the quantity of heat required to change the temperature of a system by one degree, depends on the system/material. Note c is an intensive quantity while c is an extensive quantity. C depends on size of the system while c only depends on the. Units of heat nature of the system: heat has units of energy, calorie (cal) The quantity of heat required to change the temperature of 1 gram of water by one degree celsius: joule (j) Microscopic interpretation of heat capacities: in general the more ways there are to distribute energy throughout the system (more microscopic degrees of freedom) the higher the heat capacity (no trans or rot in. Note cice = 1. 96 j/kg, cwater = j/kg.

Related Questions

1.) For a reaction system that is at equilibrium, which of the following must always be true?
a. q = 0 b. ?S = 0 c. ?G = 0 d. ?H = 0

2.) A certain reaction is found to be reactant favored. Which of the following is a correct description of the
reaction?
a. ?GÂ° > 0, K > 1 b. ?GÂ° > 0, K < 1 c. ?GÂ° < 0, K > 1 d. ?GÂ° < 0, K < 1

3.) What does the third law of thermodynamics state?
a. It states that a substance that is perfectly crystalline at 0 K has an entropy of zero.
b. It states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third, they are also in thermal
equilibrium with each other.
c. It states that any quantity which has a continuous differentiable symmetry in the action has an
associated conservation law.
d. It states that the increase in internal energy of a closed system is equal to the difference between
the heat supplied to the system and the work done by the system.

#1. A metal block with heat capacity C and temperture T_h is thrown into the ocean. (a) Find the minimum entropy change of the universe delta S_universe. (b) Show it's postive.

#2 You are pumping up your bicycle tire. The pump feels hot. Why? Please explain this question in thermodynamic.

#3 Consider two coins. The first is a "fair coin", P₁ _head = 1/2 , P₁ _tail = 1/2. The other coin is "unfair", P_{2 h} = 3/4, P_{2 t} = 1/4. (a) What is the probability of flipping and obtaining no head and one tail. (b). What is the Gibbs entropy of the unfair systm? Compart with a fair pair.

#4 One mole of a monatomic ideal gas (C=3/2) is contained in a volume with a sliding piston and adbatic walls. The sysmtem is mechanical equilibrium with outside pressure P = P_o . A quantity of heat Q is added to system. Find P_f , T_f , V_f , delta U, delta S, delta H.

Please, try to explain in detail. I have the answers but I dont know how they come up with the answers. Thanks in advance.

CHEM 120 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Calorie, Exothermic Process, Chemical Potential

CHEM 120 Full Course Notes

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