BIOL 202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Identification Key, Centromere, Neurospora

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redclam140

24 May 2021

School

McGill University

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL 202

Professor

Western, Dankort, Nilson, Hipfner and Schoen

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Document Summary

Transcription initiation is the most important process in prokaryotes. Prokaryotic metabolic genes are organized into operons. Sigma factor of rna polymerase: binds to consensus sequences, placement of sigma factor determines the transcriptional initiation start site initiates transcription by recruiting the subunits of rna polymerase. The default form of most genes is on". Rna polymerase can"t bind to the promoter transcription can"t happen: mechanism (with lactose): lactose binds to the lac repressor protein the lac repressor protein enters a non-dna-binding incompetent state the lac repressor protein dissociates from dna. Jacob & monod method: affected the gene mutant strains (with altered beta galactosidase and permease activity) were chosen. Ii: cap is bound to camp, cap is activated and in its dna-binding form, cap binds to the region upstream of the lac operon promoter, cap helps to recruit rna polymerase to the lac operon promoter. Iii: cap can"t bind to camp, cap is inactive, cap can"t activate transcription.

Related Questions

1 DNA sequences found in introns provide [A] amino acid sequence information.

[B] regulatory information.
[C] no known useful information.

[D] structure for the gene.
[E] alternative DNA splicing possibilities.

3. The TATA box is a(n)
[A] sequence close to the promoter region of many genes.
[B] square-shaped sequence.
[C] enhancer consensus sequence.
[D] activator sequence necessary for proper translation.
[E] None of the above

5. Regarding genes and gene expression, which of the following is not a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
[A] Eukaryotic DNA does not contain a TATA box close to the initiation site as does prokaryotic DNA.

[B] In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase requires

'transcription factors'or initiation.

[C] Prokaryotic genes are often grouped together in

operons.

[D] In eukaryotes, the regulation of several genes at once requires common control elements in each of the genes.
[E] There is a diversity of eukaryotic polymerases that is reflected in the diversity of eukaryotic promoters.

10) In eukaryotic cells, a repressor

[A] is made of DNA.
[B] binds to the enhancer region to block transcription. [

C] is located both upstream and downstream from the promoter.
[D] binds to the operator to block RNA polymerase.

[E] binds to a silencer to reduce transcription rates.

Coordinated regulation of genes in eukaryotic cells [A] is the result of positioning the same regulatory sequence in front of each gene.
[B] results from all of those genes being under the control of one promoter.

[C] occurs because related genes all have the same

operons.
[D] occurs because enhancers cause DNA to bend.

BIOL 202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Identification Key, Centromere, Neurospora

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